COUNCIL IMPLEMENTING REGULATION (EU) 2025/1094 of 27 May 2025 implementing Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria ANNEX
32025R1094
European Union
§ Article 1
Article 1
Annex II to Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 is amended in accordance with the Annex to this Regulation.
§ Article 2
Article 2
This Regulation shall enter into force on the day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.
This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States.
Done at Brussels, 27 May 2025.
For the Council
The President
A. SZŁAPKA
(1)
OJ L 16, 19.1.2012, p. 1, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2012/36/oj.
ANNEX
Annex II to Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 is amended as follows:
(i)
in Section ‘A. Persons’, the following 302 entries are replaced by the following:
Name
Identifying information
Reasons
Date of listing
‘1.
Bashar (
) AL-ASSAD (
)
Date of birth: 11.9.1965;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Diplomatic passport No D1903;
Gender: male
Former President of the Republic; person authorising and supervising the crackdown on demonstrators.
23.5.2011
Maher (
) (a.k.a. Mahir) AL-ASSAD (
)
Date of birth: 8.12.1967;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Diplomatic passport No 4138;
Position: Major General of the 42nd Brigade and former Brigadier Commander of the Army’s 4th Armoured Division
Gender: male
Member of the Syria Armed Forces of the rank of Colonel and the equivalent or higher in post after May 2011 under the former al-Assad regime; Major General of the 42nd Brigade and former Brigadier Commander of the Army’s 4th Armoured Division under the former al-Assad regime. Member of the Assad family; brother of former President Bashar al-Assad.
9.5.2011
Ali MAMLUK (a.k.a. Ali Mamlouk; Ali al-Mamlouk; Abu Ayham) (علي المملوك; أبو أيهم; علي مملوك)
Date of birth: 19.2.1946;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Diplomatic passport No 983;
Gender: male
Presidential advisor for security affairs since January 2024 under the former al-Assad regime. Former Vice President of the Syrian Arab Republic for Security Affairs. Former Director of the National Security Bureau. Former Head of Syrian Intelligence Directorate involved in violence against demonstrators.
9.5.2011
Atif NAJIB (a.k.a. Atef; Atej Najeeb) (عاطف نجيب)
Place of birth: Jablah, Syria;
Rank: Brigadier General;
Gender: male
Former Head of the Political Security Directorate in Dara’a under the former al-Assad regime. Involved in violence against demonstrators. Member of the Assad family; cousin of former President Bashar al-Assad.
9.5.2011
Hafiz (
) MAKHLOUF (
) (a.k.a. Hafez Makhlouf)
Date of birth: 2.4.1971;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Diplomatic passport No 014637352;
Gender: male
Former Colonel and Head of Unit in General Intelligence Directorate, Damascus Branch in post after May 2011 under the former al-Assad regime. Member of the Makhlouf family; cousin of former President Bashar al-Assad.
9.5.2011
Muhammad (
) Dib (
) ZAYTUN (
) (a.k.a. Mohammed Dib Zeitoun; a.k.a. Mohamed Dib Zeitun)
Date of birth: 20.5.1951;
Place of birth: Jubba, Damascus province, Syria;
Diplomatic passport No D000001300;
Gender: male
Director of the National Security Bureau since July 2019 under the former al-Assad regime. Former Head of the General Security Directorate; involved in violence against demonstrators.
9.5.2011
Amjad (
) ABBAS (
) (a.k.a. al-Abbas)
Gender: male
Former head of Political Security in Banyas under the former al-Assad regime, involved in violence against demonstrators in Baida. Promoted to the rank of Colonel in 2018.
9.5.2011
Rami (
) MAKHLOUF (
)
Date of birth: 10.7.1969;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Passport No 000098044;
Issue No 002-03-0015187;
Gender: male
Leading businessman operating in Syria with interests in the financial services, transport and property sectors. He has financial interests in and/or holds senior and executive positions in the investment funds Al Mashreq, Bena Properties and Cham Holding.
He furnishes financing and support to the former al-Assad regime, through his business interests.
He is an influential member of the Makhlouf family and closely connected to the Assad family; cousin of former President Bashar al-Assad.
9.5.2011
Abd al-Fatah (
) QUDSIYAH (
)
Date of birth: 4.2.1953;
Place of birth: Hama, Syria;
Diplomatic passport No D0005788;
Gender: male
Officer of the rank of Major General in the Syrian Armed Forces in post after May 2011 under the former al-Assad regime.
Deputy Director of the National Security Bureau of the Ba’ath Party. Former Head of the Syrian Military Intelligence Directorate. Involved in violent repression of the civilian population in Syria.
9.5.2011
Jamil (
) (a.k.a. Jameel) HASSAN (
) (a.k.a. al-Hassan)
Date of birth: 7.7.1953;
Place of birth: Qusayr, Homs province, Syria;
Former Head of Syrian Air Force Intelligence;
Gender: male
Officer of the rank of Major-General in the Syrian Air Force in post after May 2011 under the former al-Assad regime. Former head of the Syrian Air Force Intelligence in post after May 2011 and until July 2019. Responsible for violent repression of the civilian population in Syria.
9.5.2011
Mohammad Mouti’ MOUAYYAD (a.k.a. Mohammad Muti’a Moayyad)
Date of birth: 1968;
Place of birth: Ariha (Idlib), Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of State in power after May 2011 (appointed 27.8.2014) under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
21.10.2014
Ghazwan Rifaat Kheir BEK (a.k.a. Ghazqan Kheir Bek)
Date of birth: 10.3.1961;
Place of birth: Al-Shamiyah, Latakia, Syria;
ID Number: 06010037444;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Transport in power after May 2011 (appointed 27.8.2014) under the former al-Assad regime. He was previously General Director of the Port of Tartus. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
21.10.2014
Munzir (
) (a.k.a. Mundhir, Monzer) Jamil (
) AL-ASSAD (
)
Date of birth: 1.3.1961;
Place of birth: Kerdaha, Latakia Province, Syria;
Passports No 86449 and No 842781;
Gender: male
Involved in violence against the civilian population as part of the Shabiha militia under the former al-Assad regime.
9.5.2011
Brigadier General Mohammed BILAL (a.k.a. Lieutenant Colonel Muhammad Bilal)
Date of birth: 25.5.1971;
Gender: male
As a senior officer in the Syrian Air Force Intelligence Service under the former al-Assad regime, he supports the former al-Assad regime and is responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population. He is also associated with the listed Scientific Studies Research Centre (SSRC).
21.10.2014
Kamal CHEIKHA (a.k.a. Kamal al-Sheikha)
Date of birth: 1961;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Water Resources in power after May 2011 (appointed 27.8.2014) under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
21.10.2014
Faruq (
) (a.k.a. Farouq, Farouk) AL SHAR’ (
) (a.k.a. Al Char’, Al Shara’, Al Shara)
Date of birth: 1.1.1938;
Gender: male
Former Vice President of Syria under the former al-Assad regime; involved in violence against the civilian population.
23.5.2011
Hassan NOURI (a.k.a. Hassan al-Nouri)
Date of birth: 9.2.1960;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Administrative Development in power after May 2011 (appointed 27.8.2014) under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, he shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
21.10.2014
Mohammed (
) HAMCHO (
)
Date of birth: 20.5.1966;
Passport No 002954347;
Gender: male
Leading businessman operating in Syria, with interests in the engineering and construction, media, hospitality and health sector. He has financial interests in and/or holds senior and executive positions within a number of companies in Syria, in particular Hamsho International, Hamsho Communication, Mhg International, Jupiter for Investment and Tourism project and Syria Metal Industries.
He plays an important role in the business community in Syria as general secretary of the Damascus Chamber of Commerce (appointed by the then Minister for economy Khodr Orfali in December 2014), chairman of the China-Syria Bilateral Business Councils (since March 2014) and chairman of the Syrian Metal and Steel Council (since December 2015).
He has close business relationships with key figures of the former al-Assad regime, including Maher al-Assad.
He benefits from and provides support to the former al-Assad regime through his business interests, and is associated with persons benefiting from and providing support to that regime.
27.1.2015
Iyad (
) (a.k.a. Eyad) MAKHLOUF (
)
Date of birth: 21.1.1973;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Passport No N001820740;
Gender: male
Member of the Makhlouf family; son of Mohammed Makhlouf, brother of Hafez Makhlouf and Rami Makhlouf and brother of Ihab Makhlouf; cousin of former President Bashar al-Assad.
Member of the Syrian security and intelligence services in post after May 2011 under the former al-Assad regime.
As an officer in the General Intelligence Directorate, involved in violence against the civilian population in Syria.
23.5.2011
Bassam (
) AL HASSAN (
) (a.k.a. Al Hasan)
Date of birth: 6.3.1962;
Place of birth: Sheen, Homs, Syria;
Rank: Major General;
Gender: male
Presidential Advisor for Strategic Affairs under the former al-Assad regime; head of the General Secretariat of the National Defence. Involved in violence against the civilian population.
23.5.2011
Ihab MAKHLOUF (a.k.a. Ehab, Iehab) (ايهاب مخلوف)
Date of birth: 21.1.1973;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Passport no: N002848852;
Gender: male
Leading businessman operating in Syria linked to the former al-Assad regime. He has business interests in several Syrian companies and entities, including Ramak Construction Co and Syrian International Private University for Science and Technology (SIUST).
He is an influential member of the Makhlouf family and closely connected to the Assad family; cousin of former President Bashar al-Assad. In 2020, Ehab Makhlouf took over Rami Makhlouf’s business activities and the Syrian government granted him the contracts to operate and manage the duty-free markets across the country.
23.5.2011
Riyad (
) CHALICHE (
) (a.k.a. Shalish, Shaleesh) (a.k.a. Riyad Shalish)
Function: chairman of Riyad Isa Development Corporation;
Gender: male
Former Director of Military Housing Establishment; provides funding to the former al-Assad regime; first cousin of former President Bashar al-Assad.
23.6.2011
Brigadier Commander Mohammad (
) (a.k.a. Mohamed, Muhammad, Mohammed) Ali (
) JAFARI (
) (a.k.a. Jaafari, Ja’fari, Aziz; a.k.a. Jafari, Ali; a.k.a. Jafari, Mohammad Ali; a.k.a. Ja’fari, Mohammad Ali; a.k.a. Jafari-Naja-fabadi, Mohammad Ali)
Date of birth: 1.9.1957;
Place of birth: Yazd, Iran;
Gender: male
Head of “Baqiayt Allah”, cultural organisation of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps. General Commander of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps until 21.4.2019, involved in providing equipment and support to help the former al-Assad regime suppress protests in Syria.
23.6.2011
Hossein (
) TAEB (
) (a.k.a. Taeb, Hassan; a.k.a. Taeb, Hosein; a.k.a. Taeb, Hossein; a.k.a. Taeb, Hussayn; a.k.a. Hojjatoleslam Hossein Ta’eb)
Date of birth: 1963;
Place of birth: Tehran, Iran;
Gender: male
Director of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps Intelligence Service. Former Deputy Commander for Intelligence of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps, involved in providing equipment and support to help the former al-Assad regime suppress protests in Syria.
23.6.2011
Khalid (a.k.a. Khaled) QADDUR (a.k.a. Qadour, Qaddour, Kaddour) (خالد قدور)
Gender: male
Leading businessperson operating in Syria, with interests and/or activities in the telecommunications, oil, plastic and tobacco industry sectors and close business relations with Maher al-Assad. He is linked to smuggling activities.
He benefits from and provides support to the former al-Assad regime, through his business activities.
Associate of Maher al-Assad, including through his business activities.
27.1.2015
Ra’if (
) AL-QUWATLY (
) (a.k.a. Ri’af al-Quwatli a.k.a. Raeef al-Kouatly)
Date of birth: 3.2.1967;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Gender: male
Business associate of Maher al-Assad and responsible for managing some of his business interests; provides funding to the former al-Assad regime.
23.6.2011
Mohammad (a.k.a. Muhammad, Mohamed, Mohammed, Muhamad) al-MUFLEH (a.k.a. al-Muflih)
Date of birth: before 1964
Gender: male
Head of Syrian Military Intelligence in the town of Hama under the former al-Assad regime; involved in the crackdown on demonstrators.
1.8.2011
Major General Tawfiq (
) (a.k.a. Tawfik) YOUNES (
) (a.k.a. Yunes)
Date of birth: 5.1.1956;
Gender: male
Former head of the Department for Internal Security of the General Intelligence Directorate under the former al-Assad regime; involved in violence against the civilian population.
1.8.2011
Ayman JABIR (a.k.a. Aiman Jaber) (أيمن جابر)
Date of birth: 17.1.1967;
Place of birth: Latakia, Syria;
Gender: male
Leading businessperson operating in Syria, involved in the steel, media, consumable goods and oil sectors, including in trading those goods. He has financial interests and/or holds senior executive positions in a number of companies and entities in Syria, in particular Al Jazira (a.k.a. Al Jazerra, El Jazireh), Dunia TV and Sama Satellite Channel.
Through his company Al Jazira, Ayman Jabir has facilitated the importation of oil from Overseas Petroleum Trading to Syria.
Ayman Jabir benefits from and provides support to the former al-Assad regime, through his business interests. Provides direct support for and plays a leading role in activities of regime-affiliated militias known as Shabiha and/or Suqur as-Sahraa. He is an honorary president of “Wafa lil-Watan” (loyalty to homeland), which is an association providing aid to families of Syrian soldiers and militias.
Associate of Rami Makhlouf through his business activities, and an associate of Maher al-Assad through his role in regime-affiliated militias.
27.1.2015
Hayel (
) AL-ASSAD (
) (a.k.a. Hael al-Asad (هاىلالأسد))
Date of birth: 8.9.1968;
Gender: male
Assistant to Maher al-Assad; Head of the military police unit of the army’s 4th Division under the former al-Assad regime, involved in repression.
23.8.2011
Ali (
) AL-SALIM (
) (a.k.a. al-Saleem)
Gender: male
Director of the supplies office of the Syrian Ministry of Defence under the former al-Assad regime, entry point for all arms acquisitions by the Syrian army during the former al-Assad regime.
23.8.2011
Major General Rafiq (
) (a.k.a. Rafeeq) SHAHADAH (
) (a.k.a. Shahada, Shahade, Shahadeh, Chahada, Chahade, Chahadeh, Chahada)
Date of birth: 5.1.1956;
Place of birth: Jablah, Latakia Province, Syria;
Gender: male
Member of the Syrian Armed Forces of the rank of Major General in post after May 2011 under the former al-Assad regime. Former Head of Syrian Military Intelligence (SMI) Branch 293 (Internal Affairs) in Damascus. Directly involved in repression of and violence against the civilian population in Damascus. Advisor to former President Bashar al-Assad for strategic questions and military intelligence.
23.8.2011
Brigadier-General Nawful (
) (a.k.a. Nawfal, Nofal, Nawfel) AL-HUSAYN (
) (a.k.a. al-Hussain, al-Hussein)
Gender: male
Idlib Syrian Military Intelligence (SMI) Branch Chief under the former al-Assad regime. Directly involved in repression of and violence against the civilian population in Idlib province.
23.8.2011
Brigadier Husam (
) SUKKAR (
)
Gender: male
Presidential Adviser on Security Affairs under the former al-Assad regime. Presidential Adviser for security agencies’ repression of and violence against the civilian population in Syria.
23.8.2011
Brigadier-General Muhammed (
) (a.k.a. Muhamad) ZAMRINI (
) (a.k.a. Zamreni)
Gender: male
Branch Chief for Syrian Military Intelligence (SMI) in Homs under the former al-Assad regime. Directly involved in repression of and violence against the civilian population in Homs.
23.8.2011
Munir (
) (a.k.a. Mounir, Mouneer, Monir, Moneer, Muneer) ADANOV (
) (a.k.a. Adnuf, Adanof)
Date of birth: 1951;
Place of birth: Homs, Syria;
Passport No 0000092405;
Position: Deputy Chief of General Staff, Operations and Training, Syrian Army during the former al-Assad regime;
Rank: Lieutenant-General, Syrian Arab Army;
Gender: male
Officer of the rank of Lieutenant General and Deputy Chief of General Staff, Operations and Training for the Syrian Army in post after May 2011 under the former al-Assad regime. In his position as Deputy Chief of General Staff he was directly involved in repression of and violence against the civilian population in Syria.
23.8.2011
Brigadier-General Ghassan (
) KHALIL (
) (a.k.a. Khaleel)
Date of birth: 3.5.1957;
Gender: male
Head of General Intelligence Directorate’s Information Branch under the former al-Assad regime. Directly involved in repression of and violence against the civilian population in Syria.
23.8.2011
Mohammed (
) (a.k.a. Mohammad, Muhammad, Mohamed) JABIR (
) (a.k.a. Jaber)
Place of birth: Latakia, Syria;
Gender: male
Shabiha militia under the former al-Assad regime. Associate of Maher al-Assad for the Shabiha militia. Directly involved in repression of and violence against the civilian population, and in coordination of Shabiha militia groups.
23.8.2011
Samir HASSAN (سمير حسن)
Date of birth: 10.8.1953;
Gender: male
Leading businessperson operating in Syria, with interests and/or activities in multiple sectors of Syria’s economy. He holds interests in and/or has significant influence in the Amir Group and Cham Holding, two conglomerates with interests in the real estate, tourism, transport and finance sectors. President of the Syria-Russia Business Council and plays a significant role in the economic relations with the Russian Federation through the Syria-Russia Business Council.
Samir Hassan supports the former al-Assad regime with cash donations.
Samir Hassan is associated with persons benefitting from or supporting the former al-Assad regime. In particular, he is associated with Rami Makhlouf and Issam Anbouba, who have been designated by the Council and benefit from the former al-Assad regime.
27.9.2014
Fares (
) CHEHABI (
) (a.k.a. Fares Shihabi; Fares Chihabi)
Son of Ahmad Chehabi;
Date of birth: 7.9.1972;
Gender: male
President of the Aleppo Chamber of Industry; Chairman of the Federation of Chambers of Industry since 16.12.2018. Vice-Chairman of Cham Holding. Provides economic support to the former al-Assad regime. Member of Syrian Parliament since 2016.
2.9.2011
Tarif (
) AKHRAS (
) (a.k.a. Al Akhras (
))
Date of birth: 2.6.1951;
Place of birth: Homs, Syria;
Syrian passport No 0000092405;
Gender: male
Leading businessperson operating in Syria linked to the former al-Assad regime. He is the founder of the Akhras Group (commodities, trading, processing and logistics) and former Chairman of the Homs Chamber of Commerce. Close business relations with former President Bashar al-Assad’s family. Former member of the Board of the Federation of Syrian Chambers of Commerce. Provided logistical support for the former al-Assad regime (buses and tank loaders). He is therefore benefiting from and supporting the former al-Assad regime.
2.9.2011
Issam (
) ANBOUBA (
)
President of Anbouba for Agricultural Industries Co.;
Date of birth: 18.3.1952;
Place of birth: Homs, Syria;
Gender: male
Leading businessperson active in different sectors of the Syrian economy, such as agriculture, real estate, oil and banking. He continues profiting from his business empire that he was able to establish due to his close relations to the former al-Assad regime, via his offshore companies in Lebanon. He has financial relations with high-ranking Syrian officials and the Syrian business elite related to the former al-Assad regime. Co-founder of Cham Holding and shareholder in that company.
2.9.2011
Adib (
) MAYALEH (
) (a.k.a. André Mayard)
Date of birth: 15.5.1955;
Place of birth: Bassir, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Governor and Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Central Bank of Syria.
Adib Mayaleh controlled the Syrian banking sector and managed the Syrian money supply through the issue and withdrawal of bank notes and control of the foreign exchange rate value of the Syrian Pound. Through his role at the Central Bank of Syria, Adib Mayaleh provided economic and financial support to the former al-Assad regime.
Former Minister of Economy and Foreign Trade in power after May 2011 under the former al-Assad regime.
15.5.2012
Major General Jumah (
) AL-AHMAD (
) (a.k.a. al-Ahmed)
Gender: male
Commander Special Forces under the former al-Assad regime. Responsible for the use of violence against protestors across Syria.
14.11.2011
Colonel Lu’ai (
) (a.k.a. Louay, Loai) AL-ALI (
)
Place of birth: Jablah, Latakia Province, Syria;
Gender: male
Head of Syrian Military Intelligence, Dara’a Branch, under the former al-Assad regime. Responsible for violence against protesters in Dara’a.
14.11.2011
Ali (
) Abdullah (
) (a.k.a. Abdallah) AYYUB (
) (a.k.a. Ayyoub, Ayub, Ayoub, Ayob)
Date of birth: 28.4.1952;
Place of birth: Lattakia, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Vice President of the Council of Ministers and former Minister of Defence under the former al-Assad regime.
Officer of the rank of General in the Syrian Army, in post after May 2011 under the former al-Assad regime. Former Chief of General Staff of the Syrian Armed Forces. Person supporting the former al-Assad regime and responsible for repression of and violence against the civilian population in Syria.
14.11.2011
Fahd (
) (a.k.a. Fahid, Fahed) Jasim (
) (a.k.a. Jasem, Jassim, Jassem) AL-FURAYJ (
) (a.k.a. al-Freij)
Date of birth: 1.1.1950;
Place of birth: Hama, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Defence under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population in Syria.
14.11.2011
Major General Aous (
) (a.k.a. Aws, Aus) “Ali” ASLAN (
)
Date of birth: 9.12.1958;
Gender: male
High-ranking officer under the former al-Assad regime. Close to Maher al-Assad and former President Bashar al-Assad. Former positions: Commander of the 40th Brigade (4th Division) between 2011 and 2014; deputy Commander of the 4th Division in 2015; Commander of the 2nd Corps in 2016. Involved in the crackdown on the civilian population across Syria, including arbitrary arrests, mass killings and forced displacements of civilian population.
14.11.2011
General Ghassan (
) BELAL (
) (a.k.a. Bilal)
Date of birth: 19.9.1966;
Gender: male
Head of the 4th Division security bureau, head of the 555th paratrooper regiment under the former al-Assad regime. Adviser to Maher al-Assad and coordinator of security operations. Responsible for the crackdown on the civilian population across Syria and involved in several breaches of cessation of hostilities in the Ghouta.
14.11.2011
Abdullah (
) (a.k.a. Abdallah) BERRI (
)
Gender: male
Head of the Berri family militia under the former al-Assad regime. In charge of pro-government militia involved in the crackdown on the civilian population in Aleppo.
14.11.2011
George CHAOUI (جورج شاوي)
Gender: male
Member of the Syrian electronic army (territorial army intelligence service) under the former al-Assad regime. Involved in the violent crackdown and call for violence against the civilian population across Syria.
14.11.2011
Zuhair (
) (a.k.a. Zouheir, Zuheir, Zouhair) HAMAD (
)
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Rank: Major General;
Position: Deputy Head of General Intelligence Directorate (a.k.a. General Security Directorate) since July 2012;
Gender: male
Officer of the rank of Major General in the Syrian Armed Forces in post after May 2011 under the former al-Assad regime. Deputy Head of General Intelligence Directorate. Responsible for repression, human rights abuses and violence against the civilian population in Syria.
14.11.2011
Amar (
) (a.k.a. Ammar) ISMAEL (
) (a.k.a. Ismail)
Date of birth on or around 3.4.1973;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Gender: male
Civilian - Head of Syrian electronic army (territorial army intelligence service) under the former al-Assad regime. Involved in the violent crackdown and call for violence against the civilian population across Syria.
14.11.2011
Mujahed (
) ISMAIL (
) (a.k.a. Ismael)
Date of birth: 1.1.1977;
Gender: male
Member of the Syrian electronic army (territorial army intelligence service) under the former al-Assad regime. Involved in the violent crackdown and call for violence against the civilian population across Syria.
14.11.2011
Major General Nazih (
)
Gender: male
Deputy Director of General Intelligence Directorate under the former al-Assad regime. Responsible for the use of violence across Syria and intimidation and torture of protestors.
14.11.2011
Major General Kifah (
) MOULHEM (
) (a.k.a. Moulhim, Mulhem, Mulhim, Milhem)
Date of birth: 28.11.1961;
Place of birth: Junaynat Ruslan, Tartus province, Syria;
Gender: male
Head of the National Security office since January 2024 under the former al-Assad regime. Former Head of the Military Intelligence Directorate appointed in March 2019. Former Head of the Security Committee in the Southern region and former deputy head of the Military Intelligence directorate, leading the regime’s operation in Homs and Aleppo regions. Responsible for the crackdown on the civilian population in Deir ez-Zor and the main individual responsible for the violent repression committed by the Military Intelligence Directorate (Branch 248) throughout 2011 and 2012 as well as torture and severe violations on detainees.
14.11.2011
Major General Wajih (
) (a.k.a. Wajeeh) MAHMUD (
)
Gender: male
Commander 18th Armoured Division under the former al-Assad regime. Responsible for the violence against protestors in Homs.
14.11.2011
Lt. General Talal (
) Mustafa (
) TLASS (
)
Gender: male
Deputy Chief of General Staff (Logistics and supplies) under the former al-Assad regime. Responsible for the use of violence against protestors across Syria.
14.11.2011
Major General Fu’ad (
) TAWIL (
)
Gender: male
Deputy head of the Syrian Air Force Intelligence under the former al-Assad regime. Responsible for the use of violence across Syria and intimidation and torture of protestors.
14.11.2011
Bushra (
) AL-ASSAD (
) (a.k.a. Bushra Shawkat, Bouchra Al Assad)
Date of birth: 24.10.1960;
Gender: female
Member of the Assad family; sister of former President Bashar al-Assad. Given the close personal relationship and intrinsic financial relationship to former President Bashar al-Assad, she benefits from and is associated with the former al-Assad regime.
23.3.2012
Asma (
) AL-ASSAD (
) (a.k.a. Asma Fawaz Al Akhras)
Date of birth: 11.8.1975;
Place of birth: London, UK;
Passport No 707512830, expires 22.9.2020;
Maiden name: Al Akhras;
Gender: female
Member of the Assad family and closely connected to key regime figures; wife of former President Bashar al-Assad. Given the close personal relationship and intrinsic financial relationship to former President Bashar al-Assad, she benefits from and is associated with the former al-Assad regime.
23.3.2012
Manal (
) AL-ASSAD (
) (a.k.a. Manal Al Ahmad)
Date of birth: 2.2.1970;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Passport No (Syrian) 0000000914;
Maiden name: Al Jadaan;
Gender: female
Wife of Maher al-Assad, and as such benefits from and is closely associated with the former al-Assad regime.
23.3.2012
Mohammad Walid GHAZAL
Date of birth: 1.11.1951;
Place of birth: Aleppo, Syria;
Syrian National ID Number: 02020332623;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Housing and Urban Development (appointed 27.8.2014). As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
21.10.2014
Major General Ibrahim (
) AL-HASSAN (
) (a.k.a. al-Hasan)
Gender: male
Deputy Chief of Staff under the former al-Assad regime. Military official involved in the violence in Homs.
1.12.2011
Brigadier Khalil (
) (a.k.a. Khaleel) ZGHRAYBIH (
,
) (a.k.a. Zghraybeh, Zghraybe, Zghrayba, Zghraybah, Zaghraybeh, Zaghraybe, Zaghrayba, Zaghraybah, Zeghraybeh, Zeghraybe, Zeghrayba, Zeghraybah, Zughraybeh, Zughraybe, Zughrayba, Zughraybah, Zighraybeh, Zighraybe, Zighrayba, Zighraybah)
Date of birth: 4.2.1955;
Gender: male
14th Division. Military official under the former al-Assad regime involved in the violence in Homs.
1.12.2011
Ali BARAKAT (a.k.a. Barakat Ali Barakat) (
)
Gender: male
Military official under the former al-Assad regime involved in the violence in Homs. Part of the 30th Mobile Infantry Division of the Republican Guard.
1.12.2011
Major General Talal (
) MAKHLUF (
) (a.k.a. Makhlouf)
Gender: male
Former commander of the 105th Brigade of the Republican Guards under the former al-Assad regime. Former Commander General of the Republican Guards. Current Commander of the 2nd Corps. Member of the Syrian Armed Forces of the rank of Major General in post after May 2011 under the former al-Assad regime. Military official involved in the violence in Damascus.
1.12.2011
Major General Nazih (
) (a.k.a. Nazeeh) HASSUN (
) (a.k.a. Hassoun)
Gender: male
Officer of the rank of Major General in the Syrian Armed Forces in post after May 2011 under the former al-Assad regime. Head of the Political Security Directorate of the Syrian security services in post after May 2011 under the former al-Assad regime. Responsible for violent repression of the civilian population in Syria.
1.12.2011
Captain Maan (
) (a.k.a. Ma’an) JDIID (
) (a.k.a. Jdid, Jedid, Jedeed, Jadeed, Jdeed)
Gender: male
Presidential Guard. Military official under the former al-Assad regime involved in the violence in Homs.
1.12.2011
Mohammad (
) (a.k.a. Mohamed, Muhammad, Mohammed) AL-SHAAR (
) (a.k.a. al-Chaar, al-Sha’ar, al-Cha’ar)
Date of birth: 1.10.1950;
Gender: male
Political Security Division. Military official under the former al-Assad regime involved in the violence in Homs.
1.12.2011
Khald (
) (a.k.a. Khaled) AL-TAWEEL (
) (a.k.a. al-Tawil)
Gender: male
Political Security Division. Military official under the former al-Assad regime involved in the violence in Homs.
1.12.2011
Ghiath (
) FAYAD (
) (a.k.a. Fayyad)
Gender: male
Political Security Division. Military official under the former al-Assad regime involved in the violence in Homs.
1.12.2011
Brigadier General Jawdat (
) Ibrahim (
) SAFI (
)
Position: Commander of the 154th Regiment;
Gender: male
Ordered troops to shoot at protestors in and around Damascus, including Mo’adamiyeh, Duma, Abasiyeh, Duma, under the former al-Assad regime.
23.1.2012
Major General Muhammad (
) (a.k.a. Mohammad, Muhammad, Mohammed) Ali (
) DURGHAM
Position: Commander of the 4th Division;
Gender: male
Ordered troops to shoot at protestors in and around Damascus, including Mo’adamiyeh, Duma, Abasiyeh, Duma, under the former al-Assad regime.
23.1.2012
Major General Ramadan (
) Mahmoud (
) RAMADAN (
)
Date of birth: 10.3.1962;
Position: Commander of the 35th Special Forces Regiment;
Gender: male
Ordered troops to shoot protestors in Baniyas and Deraa, under the former al-Assad regime.
23.1.2012
Major General Naim (
) (a.k.a. Naaeem, Naeem, Na’eem, Naaim, Na’im) Jasem (
) SULEIMAN (
)
Date of birth: 16.2.1954;
Position: Commander of the 3rd Division;
Gender: male
Gave orders to troops to shoot protestors in Duma, under the former al-Assad regime.
23.1.2012
Brigadier General Jihad (
) Mohamed (
) (a.k.a. Mohammad, Muhammad, Mohammed) SULTAN (
)
Position: Commander of the 65th Brigade;
Gender: male
Gave orders to troops to shoot protestors in Duma, under the former al-Assad regime.
23.1.2012
Major General Fo’ad (
) (a.k.a. Fouad, Fu’ad) HAMOUDEH (
) (a.k.a. Hammoudeh, Hammoude, Hammouda, Hammoudah)
Date of birth: 3.10.1955;
Position: Commander of the military operations in Idlib;
Gender: male
Gave orders to troops to shoot protestors in Idlib at the beginning of September 2011, under the former al-Assad regime.
23.1.2012
Major General Bader (
) AQEL (
)
Position: Special Forces Commander;
Gender: male
Gave soldiers orders to pick up the bodies and hand them over to the mukhabarat and responsible for the violence in Bukamal under the former al-Assad regime.
23.1.2012
Brigadier General Ghassan (
) AFIF (
) (a.k.a. Afeef)
Date of birth: 10.2.1958;
Position: Commander of the 45th Regiment;
Gender: male
Commander of military operations in Homs, Baniyas and Idlib under the former al-Assad regime.
23.1.2012
Brigadier General Mohamed (
) (a.k.a. Mohammad, Muhammad, Mohammed) MAARUF (
) (a.k.a. Maarouf, Ma’ruf)
Position: Commander of the 45th Regiment;
Gender: male
Commander of military operations in Homs under the former al-Assad regime. Gave orders to shoot protestors in Homs.
23.1.2012
Brigadier General Yousef (
) ISMAIL (
) (a.k.a. Ismael)
Position: Commander of the 134th Brigade;
Gender: male
Gave orders to troops to shoot at houses and people on roofs during a funeral in Talbiseh for protesters killed the previous day under the former al-Assad regime.
23.1.2012
Brigadier General Jamal YUNES (a.k.a. Younes) (جمال يونس)
Position: Commander of the 555th Regiment;
Gender: male
Gave orders to troops to shoot at protestors in Mo’adamiyeh under the former al-Assad regime.
Head of the Military Security Committee in Hama in 2018.
23.1.2012
Brigadier General Ali (
) DAWWA
Gender: male
Gave orders to troops to shoot protestors in Al-Herak under the former al-Assad regime.
23.1.2012
Major General Mohamed (
) (a.k.a. Mohammad, Muhammad, Mohammed) KHADDOR (
) (a.k.a. Khaddour, Khaddur, Khadour, Khudour)
Date of birth: 13.1.1976;
Position: Commander of the 106th Brigade, Presidential Guard;
Gender: male
Gave orders to troops to beat protesters with sticks and then arrest them under the former al-Assad regime. Responsible for repression of peaceful protestors in Duma.
23.1.2012
Wafiq (
) (a.k.a. Wafeeq) NASSER (
)
Position: Head of Suwayda Regional Branch (Department of Military Intelligence);
Gender: male
As Head of the Suwayda Regional Branch of the Department for Military Intelligence under the former al-Assad regime, responsible for arbitrary detention and torture of detainees in Suwayda.
23.1.2012
Ahmed (
) (a.k.a. Ahmad) DIBE (
) (a.k.a. Dib, Deeb)
Head of Deraa Regional Branch (General Security Directorate);
Date of birth: 15.11.1961;
Gender: male
As Head of the Deraa Regional Branch of the General Security Directorate under the former al-Assad regime, responsible for arbitrary detention and torture of detainees in Deraa.
23.1.2012
Makhmoud (
) (a.k.a. Mahmoud) AL-KHATTIB (
) (a.k.a. al-Khatib, al-Khateeb)
Position: Head of Investigative Branch (Political Security Directorate);
Gender: male
As Head of the Investigative Branch of the Political Security Directorate under the former al-Assad regime, responsible for detention and torture of detainees.
23.1.2012
Mohamed (
) (a.k.a. Mohammad, Muhammad, Mohammed) Heikmat (
) (a.k.a. Hikmat, Hekmat) IBRAHIM (
)
Position: Major General. Head of the police of Al-Hassaka;
Gender: male
Head of the police of Al-Hassaka under the former al-Assad regime. Major General. As former Head of the Operations Branch of the Political Security Directorate, was responsible for detention and torture of detainees.
23.1.2012
Nasser (
) (a.k.a. Naser) AL-ALI (
) (a.k.a. Brigadier General Nasr al-Ali)
Position: Head of the Political Security Directorate;
Gender: male
Head of the Political Security Directorate since July 2019 under the former al-Assad regime. Responsible for detention and torture of detainees.
23.1.2012
Dr. Wael (
) Nader (
) AL–HALQI (
) (a.k.a. al-Halki)
Date of birth: 1964;
Place of birth: Dara’a Province, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Prime Minister, in office until 3.7.2016, and former Minister of Health under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. Chair of the Board of Trustees of the Qasyoun Private University.
27.2.2012
Mohammad Ibrahim AL-SHA’AR
Date of birth: 1.10.1956;
Place of birth: Al-Haffah, Latakia, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of the Interior under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. Vice Chair of the National Progressive Front of Syria.
1.12.2011
Mohammad (
) (a.k.a. Mohamed, Muhammad, Mohammed) AL-JLEILATI (
)
Date of birth: 13.6.1945;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Finance, in office until 9.2.2013 under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
1.12.2011
Imad (
) Mohammad (
) (a.k.a. Mohamed, Muhammad, Mohammed) Deeb (
) KHAMIS (
) (a.k.a. Imad Mohammad Dib Khamees)
Date of birth: 1.8.1961;
Place of birth: near Damascus, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Prime Minister and Former Minister of Electricity under the former al-Assad regime.
As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
23.3.2012
Omar (
) Ibrahim (
) GHALAWANJI (
)
Date of birth: 1954;
Place of birth: Tartus, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Vice Prime Minister for Services Affairs under the former al-Assad regime, former Minister of Local Administration, in office until 3.7.2016. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
23.3.2012
Joseph (
) SUWAID (
)
Date of birth: 1958;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of State under the former al-Assad regime, in office until at least 21.1.2014. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. Chair of the Amana wing of the Syrian Social Nationalist Party.
23.3.2012
Hussein (
) (a.k.a. Hussain) Mahmoud (
) FARZAT (
) (a.k.a. Hussein Mahmud Farzat)
Date of birth: 6.9.1957;
Place of birth: Hama, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of State under the former al-Assad regime, in office until at least 2014. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
23.3.2012
Mansour (
) Fadlallah (
) AZZAM (
) (a.k.a. Mansur Fadl Allah Azzam)
Date of birth: 15.3.1960;
Place of birth: Sweida Province, Syria;
Gender: male
Minister for Presidency Affairs under the former al-Assad regime. As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
27.2.2012
Emad Abdul-Ghani SABOUNI (a.k.a. Imad Abdul Ghani Al Sabuni) (عماد عبدالغني صابوني)
Date of birth: 1964;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Telecommunications and Technology under the former al-Assad regime, in office until at least April 2014. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. Former Head of Planning and International Cooperation Agency (PICC). The PICC is a government agency, affiliated to the Prime Ministry and produces, in particular, the five-year plans that provide the broad guidelines for the Government’s economic and development policies.
27.2.2012
Tayseer (
) Qala (
) AWWAD (
)
Date of birth: 1943;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Justice under the former al-Assad regime. Associated with the former al-Assad regime and its violent repression of the civilian population. Former Head of Military Court. Member of the High Judicial Council.
23.9.2011
Adnan Hassan MAHMOUD (عدنان حسن محمود)
Date of birth: 1966;
Place of birth: Tartus, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Syrian Ambassador to Iran until 2020. Former Minister of Information in power after May 2011 under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
23.9.2011
Khalaf Souleymane ABDALLAH (a.k.a. Khalaf Sleiman al-Abdullah)
Date of birth: 1960;
Place of birth: Deir ez-Zor, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Labour in power after May 2011 (appointed 27.8.2014) under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
21.10.2014
Sufian (
) ALLAW (
)
Date of birth: 8.2.1944;
Place of birth: al-Bukamal, Deir Ezzor, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Oil and Mineral Resources under the former al-Assad regime. Associated with the former al-Assad regime and its violent repression of the civilian population.
27.2.2012
Dr Adnan (
) SLAKHO (
)
Date of birth: 7.9.1955;
Place of birth: Al-Malihah, Rif Dimashq, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Industry under the former al-Assad regime. Former Minister of Education and current business development consultant in the Ministry of Local Administration. Associated with the former al-Assad regime and its violent repression of the civilian population.
27.2.2012
Dr Saleh (
) AL-RASHED (
)
Date of birth: 1.8.1964;
Place of birth: Aleppo Province, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Education under the former al-Assad regime and current Head of the International Relations Department at the Faculty of International Relations and Diplomacy at Al-Sham Private University. Associated with the former al-Assad regime and its violent repression of the civilian population.
27.2.2012
Ghiath (
) JERAATLI (
) (a.k.a. Jer’atli, Jir’atli, Jiraatli)
Date of birth: 1950;
Place of birth: Salamiya, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of State under the former al-Assad regime. Associated with the former al-Assad regime and its violent repression of the civilian population.
23.3.2012
Yousef (
) Suleiman (
) AL-AHMAD (
) (a.k.a. al-Ahmed)
Date of birth: 1956;
Place of birth: Hasaka, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of State under the former al-Assad regime. Associated with the former al-Assad regime and its violent repression of the civilian population.
23.3.2012
Hassan (
,
) AL-SARI (
)
Date of birth: 1953;
Place of birth: Hama, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of State under the former al-Assad regime. Associated with the former al-Assad regime and its violent repression of the civilian population.
23.3.2012
Bouthaina (
) SHAABAN (
) (a.k.a. Buthaina Shaaban)
Date of birth: 1.4.1953;
Place of birth: Homs, Syria;
Gender: female
Political and Media Advisor to the former President since July 2008 and as such associated with the violent crackdown on the civilian population under the former al-Assad regime.
26.6.2012
Brigadier General Sha’afiq (
) (a.k.a. Shafiq, Shafik) MASA (
) (a.k.a. Massa)
Date of birth: 5.7.1956;
Place of birth: Al-Zara (Hama), Syria;
Gender: male
Head of Branch 215 (Damascus) of the army’s intelligence service under the former al-Assad regime. Responsible for the torture of detained opponents. Involved in repressive actions against the civilian population.
24.7.2012
Brigadier General Burhan (
) QADOUR (
) (a.k.a. Qaddour, Qaddur)
Gender: male
Former Head of Branch 291 (Damascus) of the army’s intelligence service under the former al-Assad regime. Responsible for the torture of opponents in custody.
24.7.2012
Brigadier General Salah (
) HAMAD (
)
Gender: male
Deputy Head of Branch 291 of the army’s intelligence service under the former al-Assad regime. Responsible for the torture of opponents in custody.
24.7.2012
Brigadier General Muhammad (
) (a.k.a. Mohammed) KHALLOUF (
) (a.k.a. Abou Ezzat)
Date of birth: 2.11.1946;
Gender: male
Former (2009-2014) Head of Branch 235 a.k.a. “Palestine” (Damascus) of the army’s intelligence service under the former al-Assad regime, which is at the centre of the army’s apparatus of repression. Directly involved in repression of opponents. Responsible for the torture of opponents in custody.
24.7.2012
Major General Riad (
) (a.k.a. Riyad) AL-AHMED (
) (a.k.a. al-Ahmad)
Gender: male
Deputy Head of Latakia Branch of the army’s intelligence service under the former al-Assad regime. Responsible for the torture and murder of opponents in custody.
24.7.2012
Brigadier General Abdul-Salam Fajr MAHMOUD (عبدالسلام فجر محمود)
Date of birth: 1959
Gender: male
Head of the Security Committee of the Southern Region under the former al-Assad regime since December 2020. Former Head of the Bab Tuma (Damascus) Branch of the Syrian Air Force Intelligence Service. Former Head of the Mezze Airport Air Force intelligence investigation branch. Responsible for the torture of opponents in custody. Under international arrest warrant for “complicity in acts of torture”, “complicity in crimes against humanity” and “complicity in war crimes”.
24.7.2012
Brigadier General Jawdat (
) AL-AHMED (
) (a.k.a. al-Ahmad)
Date of birth: 8.2.1958;
Place of birth: Qardaha, Lattakia province, Syria;
Gender: male
Head of the Homs Branch of the Syrian Air Force Intelligence Service under the former al-Assad regime. Responsible for the torture of opponents in custody as well as killings of peaceful protesters.
24.7.2012
Colonel Qusay Ibrahim MIHOUB (قصي إبراهيم ميهوب)
Date of birth: 15.4.1961;
Place of birth: Derghamo, Jableh, Lattakia, Syria;
Gender: male
High-ranking officer at the Syrian Air Force Intelligence Service under the former al-Assad regime. Former Head of the Deraa branch of the air force’s intelligence service (sent from Damascus to Deraa at the start of demonstrations there). Responsible for the torture of opponents in custody as well as the violent repression of peaceful protests in the southern region.
24.7.2012
Brigadier General Suhail (
) (a.k.a. Suheil) AL-ABDULLAH (
) (a.k.a. al-Abdallah)
Gender: male
Head of the Latakia Branch of the Syrian Air Force Intelligence Service under the former al-Assad regime. Responsible for the torture of opponents in custody.
24.7.2012
Brigadier General Khudr (
) KHUDR (
)
Gender: male
Head of the Latakia branch of the General Intelligence Directorate under the former al-Assad regime. Responsible for the torture of opponents in custody.
24.7.2012
Brigadier General Ibrahim MA’ALA (a.k.a. Maala, Maale, Ma’la)
(معلا ابراهيم, ابراهيم معلى)
Gender: male
Head of Branch 285 (Damascus) of the General Intelligence Directorate (replaced Brigadier General Hussam Fendi at the end of 2011) under the former al-Assad regime. Responsible for the torture of opponents in custody.
24.7.2012
Brigadier General Firas (
) AL-HAMED (
) (a.k.a. al-Hamid)
Gender: male
Head of Branch 318 (Homs) of the General Intelligence Directorate under the former al-Assad regime. Responsible for the torture of opponents in custody.
24.7.2012
Major General Hussam LUQA (a.k.a. Husam, Housam, Houssam; Louqa, Louca, Louka, Luka) (حسام لوقا)
Date of birth: 20.9.1960;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Head of the Security Committee of the Southern Region from 2018 to 2020 under the former al-Assad regime. Former Head of the General Security Directorate. Major General. From April 2012 to 2 December 2018, was head of the Homs branch of the Political Security Directorate (succeeded Brigadier General Nasr al-Ali). Since 3 December 2018, head of the Political Security Directorate. Director of the General Intelligence Department since 2019. Responsible for the torture of opponents in custody.
24.7.2012
Brigadier General Taha TAHA (طه طه)
Gender: male
Deputy assistant to the Head of the Political Security Division under the former al-Assad regime. Former site manager of the Latakia branch of the Political Security Directorate. Responsible for the torture of opponents in custody.
24.7.2012
Bassel (
) (a.k.a. Basel) BILAL (
)
Gender: male
Police officer under the former al-Assad regime at Idlib central prison; has taken part directly in acts of torture of opponents held in Idlib central prison.
24.7.2012
Ahmad (
) (a.k.a. Ahmed) KAFAN (
)
Gender: male
Police officer under the former al-Assad regime at Idlib central prison; has taken part directly in acts of torture of opponents held in Idlib central prison.
24.7.2012
Bassam (
) AL-MISRI (
)
Gender: male
Police officer under the former al-Assad regime at Idlib central prison; has taken part directly in acts of torture of opponents held in Idlib central prison.
24.7.2012
Major General Ahmed AL-JARROUCHEH (a.k.a. Ahmad; al-Jarousha, al-Jarousheh, al-Jaroucha, al-Jarouchah, al-Jaroucheh) (احمد الجروشة)
Date of birth: 1957;
Gender: male
Former head of the foreign branch of General Intelligence (Branch 279) under the former al-Assad regime. As such, responsible for General Intelligence arrangements in Syrian embassies.
24.7.2012
General Ghassan Jaoudat ISMAIL (a.k.a. Ismael) (غسان جودت اسماعيل)
Date of birth: 3.1.1959;
Place of birth: Junaynat Ruslan – Darkoush, Tartus region, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Head of the Syrian Air Force Intelligence Service under the former al-Assad regime. Former deputy director of the Air Force Intelligence Service and previously in charge of the missions branch of the Air Force Intelligence Service which, in cooperation with the special operations branch, manages the elite troops of the Air Force Intelligence Service, who play an important role in the repression conducted by the former al-Assad regime. As such, Ghassan Jaoudat Ismail is one of the top military leaders directly implementing the violent repression of opponents conducted by the former al-Assad regime as well as practices of disappearance of civilians.
24.7.2012
Major General Amer AL-ACHI (a.k.a. Amer Ibrahim al-Achi; Amis al Ashi; Ammar Aachi; Amer Ashi) (عامر ابراهيم العشي)
Gender: male
Former Governor of the Sweida Governorate under the former al-Assad regime, appointed by former President Bashar al-Assad in July 2016. Former Head of the intelligence branch of the Syrian Air Force Intelligence Service (2012-2016). Through his role in the Air Force Intelligence Service, Amer al-Achi is implicated in the repression of the Syrian opposition.
24.7.2012
General Mohammed (
) (a.k.a. Muhammad, Mohamed, Mohammad) Ali (
) NASR (
) (a.k.a. Mohammed Ali Naser)
Date of birth: 8.10.1964;
Gender: male
Close to Maher al-Assad, younger brother of former President Bashar al-Assad. Most of his career has been spent in the Republican Guard. In 2010 he joined the internal branch (Branch 251) of the General Intelligence Directorate which is responsible for combatting the political opposition. As one of its senior officers, General Mohammed Ali Nasr is directly involved in the repression of opponents under the former al-Assad regime.
24.7.2012
General Issam (
) HALLAQ (
)
Gender: male
Air Force Chief of Staff since 2010 under the former al-Assad regime. Commands air operations against opponents.
24.7.2012
Ezzedine (
) ISMAEL (
) (a.k.a. Ismail)
Date of birth: middle of the 1940s (probably 1947);
Place of birth: Bastir, Jableh region, Syria;
Gender: male
Retired general, longstanding member of the managerial staff of the Air Force Intelligence Service, of which he became the head in the early 2000s. Was appointed political and security adviser to the former President in 2006. As political and security adviser to former President Bashar al-Assad, Ezzedine Ismael is implicated in the political repression conducted by the former al-Assad regime against the opposition.
24.7.2012
Samir (
) (a.k.a. Sameer) JOUMAA (
) (a.k.a. Jumaa, Jum’a, Joum’a) (a.k.a. Abou Sami)
Date of birth: 8.3.1962;
Gender: male
For almost 20 years he has been head of the office of Mohammad Nassif Kheir Bek, one of the main security advisers of former President Bashar al-Assad (and officially deputy to the Vice President, Farouk al-Sharaa). Samir Joumaa’s closeness to former President Bashar al-Assad and Mohammed Nassif Kheir Bek means that he is implicated in the policy of repression conducted by the former al-Assad regime against its opponents.
24.7.2012
Dr. Qadri (
) (a.k.a. Kadri) JAMIL (
) (a.k.a. Jameel)
Date of birth: 1952;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Vice Prime Minister for Economic Affairs, former Minister of Domestic Trade and Consumer Protection under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
16.10.2012
Dr. Mohammad (
) (a.k.a. Mohamed, Muhammad, Mohammed) Abdul-Sattar (
) (a.k.a. Abd al-Sattar) AL SAYED (
) (a.k.a. Al Sayyed)
Date of birth: 23.12.1958;
Place of birth: Tartus, Syria;
Gender: male
Minister of Religious Endowments under the former al-Assad regime. As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
16.10.2012
Hala Mohammad (a.k.a. Mohamed, Muhammad, Mohammed) AL NASSER (هاله محمد الناصر)
Date of birth: 1964;
Place of birth: Raqqa, Syria;
Gender: female
Former Minister of Tourism under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
16.10.2012
Bassam (
) HANNA (
)
Date of birth: 1954;
Place of birth: Aleppo, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Water Resources in power after May 2011 under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
16.10.2012
Subhi (
) Ahmad (
) AL ABDALLAH (
) (a.k.a. al-Abdullah)
Date of birth: 17.8.1951;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Agriculture and Agrarian Reform under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
16.10.2012
Dr. Mohammad (
) (a.k.a. Muhammad, Mohamed, Mohammed) Yahiya (
) (a.k.a. Yehya, Yahya, Yihya, Yihia, Yahia) MOALLA (
) (a.k.a. Mu’la, Ma’la, Muala, Maala, Mala)
Date of birth: 1951;
Place of birth: Lattakia, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Higher Education under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
16.10.2012
Dr. Hazwan (
) AL WEZ (
) (a.k.a. Al Wazz)
Date of birth: 7.3.1962;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Education under the former al-Assad regime, appointed in July 2016.
As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
16.10.2012
Dr. Mahmoud (
) Ibraheem (
) (a.k.a. Ibrahim) SA’IID (
) (a.k.a. Said, Sa’eed, Saeed)
Date of birth: 30.5.1953;
Place of birth: Lattakia, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Transport in power after May 2011 under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
16.10.2012
Dr. Safwan (
) AL ASSAF (
)
Date of birth: 13.3.1959;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Housing and Urban Development under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
16.10.2012
Yasser (
) (a.k.a. Yaser) AL SIBA’II (
) (a.k.a. al-Sibai, al-Siba’i, al Sibaei)
Date of birth: 26.3.1951;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Public Works under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
16.10.2012
Sa’iid (
) (a.k.a. Sa’id, Sa’eed, Saeed) MA’THI (
) (a.k.a. Mu’zi, Mu’dhi, Ma’dhi, Ma’zi, Maazi) Hneidi (
)
Date of birth: 5.9.1954;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Oil and Mineral Resources under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
16.10.2012
Dr. Lubana (
) (a.k.a. Lubanah) MUSHAWEH (
) (a.k.a. Mshaweh, Mshawweh, Mushawweh)
Date of birth: 1955;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Gender: female
Former Minister of Culture in power after May 2011 under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
16.10.2012
Dr Jassem Mohammad ZAKARIA (a.k.a. Mohamed, Muhammad, Mohammed, Jasem)
Date of birth: 1968
Gender: male
Former Minister of Labour and Social Affairs under the former al-Assad regime.
As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
16.10.2012
Dr. Adnan (
) Abdo (
) (a.k.a. Abdou) AL SIKHNY (
) (a.k.a. al-Sikhni, al-Sekhny, al-Sekhni)
Date of birth: 1961;
Place of birth: Aleppo, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Industry under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
16.10.2012
Najm (
) (a.k.a. Nejm) Hamad (
) AL AHMAD (
) (a.k.a. al-Ahmed)
Gender: male
Former Minister of Justice in power after May 2011 under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
16.10.2012
Dr. Abdul-Salam (
) AL NAYEF (
)
Date of birth: 1959
Place of birth: Aleppo, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Health in power after May 2011 under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
16.10.2012
Ali HADAR (a.k.a. HAIDAR)
Date of birth: 21.7.1962;
Gender: male
Head of the National Reconciliation Agency and former State Minister for National Reconciliation Affairs under the former al-Assad regime. Chair of the Intifada wing of the Syrian Social Nationalist Party. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
16.10.2012
Dr. Nazeera (
) (a.k.a. Nazira, Nadheera, Nadhira) Farah (
) SARKEES (
) (a.k.a. Sarkis)
Date of birth: 1962;
Place of birth: Aleppo, Syria;
Gender: female
Former State Minister for Environmental Affairs under the former al-Assad regime, in power after May 2011. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
16.10.2012
Najm-eddin (
) (a.k.a. Nejm-eddin, Nejm-eddeen, Najm-eddeen, Nejm-addin, Nejm-addeen, Najm-addeen, Najm-addin) KHREIT (
) (a.k.a. Khrait)
Gender: male
Former State Minister under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
16.10.2012
Abdullah (
) (a.k.a. Abdallah) Khaleel (
) (a.k.a. Khalil) HUSSEIN (
) a.k.a. Hussain)
Gender: male
Former State Minister under the former al-Assad regime in power after May 2011. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
16.10.2012
Jamal (
) Sha’ban (
) (a.k.a. Shaaban) SHAHEEN (
)
Gender: male
Former State Minister under the former al-Assad regime in power after May 2011. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
16.10.2012
Nizar Wahbeh YAZAJI (a.k.a. Nizar Wehbe Yazigi) (نزار وهبه يازجي)
Date of birth: 1961;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Health under the former al-Assad regime.
As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
21.10.2014
Razan (
) OTHMAN (
)
Wife of Rami Makhlouf, daughter of Waleed (alias Walid) Othman;
Date of birth: 31.1.1977;
Place of birth: Governorate of Latakia, Syria;
ID No: 06090034007
Gender: female
Razan Othman has close personal and financial relations with Rami Makhlouf, cousin of former President Bashar al-Assad and principal financer of the regime, who has been designated by the Council. As such, associated with the former al-Assad regime, and benefiting from it, notably through investments in the real estate sector.
16.10.2012
Suleiman AL ABBAS
Gender: male
Former Oil and Mineral Resources Minister under the former al-Assad regime in power after May 2011. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
24.6.2014
Kamal Eddin TU’MA
Date of birth: 1959;
Gender: male
Former Industry Minister under the former al-Assad regime in power after May 2011. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
24.6.2014
Kinda AL-SHAMMAT (a.k.a. Shmat)
Date of birth: 1973;
Gender: female
Former Social Affairs Minister under the former al-Assad regime in power after May 2011. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
24.6.2014
Hassan HIJAZI
Date of birth: 1964;
Gender: male
Former Minister for Labour under the former al-Assad regime in power after May 2011. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
24.6.2014
Ismael ISMAEL (a.k.a. Ismail Ismail; or Isma’Il Isma’il)
Date of birth: 1955;
Gender: male
Former Finance Minister under the former al-Assad regime in power after May 2011. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
24.6.2014
Dr. Khodr ORFALI (a.k.a. Khud/Khudr; Urfali/Orphaly)
Date of birth: 1956;
Gender: male
Former Economy and Foreign Trade Minister under the former al-Assad regime in power after May 2011. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
24.6.2014
Samir Izzat Qadi AMIN
Date of birth: 1966;
Gender: male
Former Internal Trade and Consumer Protection Minister under the former al-Assad regime in power after May 2011. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
24.6.2014
Bishr Riyad YAZIGI
Date of birth: 13.11.1972;
Gender: male
Advisor to former President Bashar al-Assad. Former Minister of Tourism under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
24.6.2014
Dr. Malek (
) ALI (
) (a.k.a. Malik Ali)
Date of birth: 1956;
Place of birth: Tartus, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Higher Education Minister under the former al-Assad regime in power after May 2011. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
24.6.2014
Hussein ARNOUS (a.k.a. Arnus) (حسين عرنوس)
Date of birth: 1.1.1953;
Place of birth: Idleb, Syria;
Gender: male
Prime Minister under the former al-Assad regime. Appointed in August 2020.
As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
24.6.2014
Dr. Hassib Elias SHAMMAS (a.k.a. Hasib)
Date of birth: 1957;
Place of birth: Aleppo, Syria;
Gender: male
Former State Minister under the former al-Assad regime in power after May 2011. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
24.6.2014
Hashim Anwar AL-AQQAD (a.k.a. Hashem Aqqad, Hashem Akkad, Hashim Akkad)
Date of birth: 8.8.1961;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Syrian National ID Number: 01020018085;
Gender: male
Leading businessperson operating in Syria, with interests and/or activities in multiple sectors of Syria’s economy. He holds interests in and/or has significant influence in Anwar Akkad Sons Group (AASG) and its subsidiary United Oil. AASG is a conglomerate with interests in sectors such as oil, gas, chemicals, insurance, industrial machinery, real estate, tourism, exhibitions, contracting, insurance and medical equipment. He is also a co-founder of a leading security firm (ProGuard). ProGuard is involved in al-Assad’s effort to collaborate with President Putin by recruiting soldiers for Russia’s war of aggression against Ukraine.
Hashim Anwar al-Aqqad also worked as a member of the Syrian Parliament as recently as 2012.
Hashim Anwar al-Aqqad could not have remained successful without assistance from the former al-Assad regime. Given the extent of his business and political ties to the former al-Assad regime, he provides support to and benefits from the former al-Assad regime.
23.7.2014
Suhayl (a.k.a. Sohail, Suhail, Suheil) HASSAN (a.k.a. Hasan, al-Hasan, al-Hassan) known as “The Tiger” (a.k.a. al-Nimr)
Date of birth: 10.6.1970;
Place of birth: Jableh, Latakia Province, Syria;
Rank: Major-General;
Position: Commander of Qawat al-Nimr (Division 25 Special Mission Forces, formerly known as Tiger Forces);
Gender: male
Officer of the rank of Major-General in the Syrian Army under the former al-Assad regime after May 2011. Commander of army division known as “Tiger Forces”. Since August 2019, “Tiger Forces” has been renamed “Division 25 Special Mission Forces” and placed under the army’s central command. Responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population in Syria.
23.7.2014
Amr ARMANAZI (a.k.a. Amr Muhammad Najib al-Armanazi, Amr Najib Armanazi, Amrou al-Armanazy)
Date of birth: 7.2.1944;
Gender: male
Director-General of the Syrian Scientific Studies and Research Centre (SSRC), responsible for providing support to the Syrian army during the al-Assad regime for the acquisition of equipment used for the surveillance and repression of demonstrators. Also responsible for the development and production of non-conventional weapons, including chemical weapons, and the missiles to deliver them.
Responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population; supports the former al-Assad regime.
23.7.2014
Bayan BITAR (a.k.a. Dr. Bayan al-Bitar)
Date of birth: 8.3.1947;
Address: P.O. Box 11037, Damascus, Syria;
Gender: male
Managing Director of the Organisation for Technological Industries (OTI), and the Syrian Company for Information Technology (SCIT), which are both subsidiaries of the Syrian Ministry of Defence, which has been designated by the Council. OTI assists in the production of chemical weapons for the former al-Assad regime. As Managing Director of OTI and the SCIT, Bayan Bitar provides support to the former al-Assad regime. Due to his role in the production of chemical weapons, he also shares responsibility for the violent repression of the Syrian population. In view of his senior position in these entities, he is also associated with the designated entities OTI and SCIT.
7.3.2015
Brigadier General Ghassan ABBAS
Date of birth: 10.3.1960;
Place of birth: Homs, Syria;
Address: CERS, Centre d’Etude et de Recherche Scientifique (a.k.a. SSRC, Scientific Studies and Research Centre; Centre de Recherche de Kaboun Barzeh Street, P.O. Box 4470, Damascus, Syria)
Gender: male
Manager of the branch of the designated Syrian Scientific Studies and Research Centre (SSRC/CERS) near Jumraya/Jmraiya. He has been involved in the proliferation of chemical weapons and the organisation of chemical weapons attacks, including in Ghouta in August 2013. He therefore shares responsibility for the violent repression of the Syrian population. As manager of the SSRC/CERS branch near Jumraya/Jmraiya, Ghassan Abbas provides support to the former al-Assad regime. As a result of his senior position in the SSRC, he is also associated with the designated entity SSRC.
7.3.2015
Hassan SAFIYEH (a.k.a. Hassan Safiye)
Date of birth: 1949;
Place of birth: Latakia, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Internal Trade and Consumer Protection under the former al-Assad regime in power after May 2011 (appointed 27.8.2014). As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
21.10.2014
George HASWANI (a.k.a. Heswani; Hasawani; Al Hasawani)
Address: Damascus Province, Yabroud, Al Jalaa St, Syria;
Other information: Hesco Engineering and Construction Company Ltd is registered at the same London address as British firm, Savero Ltd.;
Gender: male
Leading businessperson operating in Syria linked to the former al-Assad regime, with interests and/or activities in the engineering, construction and oil and gas sectors. He holds interests in and/or has significant influence in a number of companies and entities in Syria, in particular HESCO Engineering and Construction Company, a major engineering and construction company.
7.3.2015
Emad HAMSHO (a.k.a. Imad Hmisho; Hamchu; Hamcho; Hamisho; Hmeisho; Hemasho, حميشو) (حمشو عماد)
Date of birth: 10.8. 1960;
Address: Hamsho Building 31 Baghdad Street, Damascus, Syria;
Gender: male
Occupies a senior management position in Hamsho Trading. As a result of his senior position in Hamsho Trading, a subsidiary of Hamsho International, which has been designated by the Council, he provides support to the former al-Assad regime and is associated with that entity.
He is vice president of the Syrian Council of Iron and Steel alongside designated al-Assad regime -linked businessmen such as Ayman Jabir. Hamsho’s assets include Syrian Metal Industries, a steel plant outside Damascus, which Hamsho has supplied with scrap metal looted by pro-government militias over the course of the war. He is also an associate of former President Bashar al-Assad.
7.3.2015
Major General Muhamad (
) (a.k.a. Mohamed, Muhammad) MAHALLA (
) (a.k.a. Mahla, Mualla, Maalla, Muhalla)
Date of birth: 4.6.1959;
Place of birth: Jableh, Syria;
Gender: male
Member of the Syria Armed Forces of the rank of Major General under the former al-Assad regime in post after May 2011. Former head of the Syrian Military Intelligence (SMI), Branch 293 (Internal Affairs), since April 2015. Responsible for repression of and violence against the civilian population in Damascus/Damascus Countryside. Former Deputy Head of Political Security (2012), Officer of the Syrian Republican Guard and Vice-Director of the Political Security Directorate. Former head of Military Police, Member of the National Security Bureau.
29.5.2015
Adib SALAMEH (a.k.a. Adib Salamah; Adib Salama; Adib Salame; Mohammed Adib Salameh; Adib Nimr Salameh) (
)
Position: Major General, Deputy Director of Air Force Intelligence Directorate in Damascus;
Date of birth: 26.11.1953;
Gender: male
Member of the Syrian security and intelligence services under the former al-Assad regime in post after May 2011; Deputy Director of the Air Force Intelligence Directorate in Damascus; previously Head of Air Force Intelligence in Aleppo.
Member of the Syrian Armed Forces of the rank of Colonel and the equivalent or higher in post after May 2011; holds the rank of Major General.
Responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population in Syria, through the planning of and involvement in military assaults in Aleppo and authority over the arrest and detention of civilians.
28.10.2016
Adnan Aboud HILWEH (a.k.a. Adnan Aboud Helweh; Adnan Aboud) (
)
Position: Brigadier General;
Gender: male
Holds the rank of Brigadier General of 155 Brigade and 157 Brigade in the Syrian Army under the former al-Assad regime in post after May 2011.
As the Brigadier General of 155 Brigade and 157 Brigade, he is responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population in Syria, including through his responsibility for the deployment and use of missile and chemical weapons in civilian areas in 2013 and involvement in large scale detentions.
28.10.2016
Jawdat Salbi MAWAS (a.k.a. Jawdat Salibi Mawwas; Jawdat Salibi Mawwaz) (
)
Position: Major General;
Date of birth: 4.6.1954;
Gender: male
Holds the rank of Major General, a senior officer in the Syrian Artillery and Missile Directorate of the Syrian Armed Forces under the former al-Assad regime, in post after May 2011.
As a senior ranking officer of the Syrian Artillery and Missile Directorate, he is responsible for violent repression of the civilian population, including the use of missiles and chemical weapons by Brigades under his command in highly populated civilian areas in Ghouta in 2013.
28.10.2016
Tahir (
) Hamid (
) KHALIL (
) (a.k.a. Tahir Hamid Khali; Khalil Tahir Hamid)
Position: Major General;
Date of birth: 3.7.1955;
Gender: male
Holds the ranks of Major General, Head of the Syrian Artillery and Missiles Directorate of the Syrian Armed Forces under the former al-Assad regime, in post after May 2011. As a senior ranking officer of the Syrian Artillery and Missile Directorate, he is responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population, including the deployment of missiles and chemical weapons by Brigades under his command in highly populated civilian areas in Ghouta in 2013.
28.10.2016
Hilal HILAL (a.k.a. Hilal al-Hilal) (
)
Date of birth: 30.6.1966;
Gender: male
Member of the regime-affiliated militias known as “Kataeb al-Baath” (the Baath Party militia). Vice-Chairman of the Baath Party. Supports the former al-Assad regime through his role in the recruitment and organisation of the Baath Party militia.
28.10.2016
Bishr AL-SABBAN (a.k.a. Mohammed Bishr al-Sabban; Bishr Mazin al-Sabban)
Date of birth: 18.3.1966;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Governor of Damascus, who was appointed by, and is associated with, former President Bashar al-Assad. Supports the former al-Assad regime and is responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population in Syria, including engaging in discriminatory practices against Sunni communities within the capital.
28.10.2016
Ahmad Sheik ABDUL-QADER (a.k.a. Ahmad Sheikh Abdul Qadir; Ahmad al-Sheik Abdulquader) (
)
Gender: male
Former Governor of Quneitra, associated with and appointed by former President Bashar al-Assad. Previously Governor of Latakia. Supports and benefits from the former al-Assad regime, including by public support for the Syrian Armed Forces and pro-regime militia.
28.10.2016
Dr. Ghassan Omar KHALAF (
)
Gender: male
Former Governor of Hama, who was appointed by, and is associated with, former President Bashar al-Assad. He also supports and benefits from the former al-Assad regime. Ghassan Omar Khalaf is closely associated with members of a regime-affiliated militia in Hama known as the Hama Brigade.
28.10.2016
Khayr al-Din AL-SAYYED (a.k.a. Khayr al-Din Abdul-Sattar al-Sayyed; Mohamed Khair al-Sayyed; Kheredden al-Sayyed; Khairuddin al-Sayyed; Khaireddin al-Sayyed; Kheir Eddin al-Sayyed; Kheir Eddib Asayed) (
)
Gender: male
Former Governor of Idlib, associated with and appointed by former President Bashar al-Assad. Benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime, including by providing support for Syrian Armed Forces and pro-regime militia. Associated with the former al-Assad regime’s Minister of Awqaf, Dr. Mohammad Abdul-Sattar al-Sayyed, who is his brother.
28.10.2016
Atef NADDAF (
)
Date of birth: 1956;
Place of birth: Damascus countryside, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Internal Trade and Consumer Protection under the former al-Assad regime.
As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
14.11.2016
Hussein MAKHLOUF (a.k.a. Makhluf) (
)
Date of birth: 1964;
Place of birth: Lattakia, Syria;
Gender: male
Minister of Water Resources under the former al-Assad regime since December 2023. Former Minister of local Administration and environment.
Former Governor of Damascus Governorate.
As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
Cousin of Rami Makhlouf.
14.11.2016
Ali AL-ZAFIR (
)
Date of birth: 15.5.1962;
Place of birth: Tartus, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Communications and Technology under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
14.11.2016
Ali GHANEM (
)
Date of birth: 1963;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister for Petroleum and Mineral Resources under the former al-Assad regime.
As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
14.11.2016
Mohammed (a.k.a. Mohamed, Muhammad, Mohammad) Ramez TOURJMAN (a.k.a. Tourjuman) (
)
Date of birth: 19.4.1966;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Information under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
14.11.2016
Mohammed (a.k.a. Mohamed, Muhammad, Mohammad) AL-AHMED (a.k.a. al-Ahmad) (
)
Date of birth: 1961;
Place of birth: Lattakia, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Culture Minister under the former al-Assad regime.
As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
14.11.2016
Ali HAMOUD (a.k.a. Hammoud) (
)
Date of birth: 15.9.1964;
Place of birth: Tartus, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Transport Minister under the former al-Assad regime.
As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
14.11.2016
Mohammed Zuhair (a.k.a. Zahir) KHARBOUTLI (
)
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Electricity Minister under the former al-Assad regime.
As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
14.11.2016
Maamoun (a.k.a. Ma’moun) HAMDAN (
)
Date of birth: 27.7.1958;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Finance Minister under the former al-Assad regime.
As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
14.11.2016
Nabil AL-HASAN (a.k.a. al-Hassan) (
)
Date of birth: 1963;
Place of birth: Aleppo, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Water Resources under the former al-Assad regime.
Appointed in July 2016.
As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
14.11.2016
Abdullah AL-GHARBI (a.k.a. al-Qirbi) (
)
Date of birth: 1962;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Internal Trade and Consumer Protection under the former al-Assad regime.
Appointed in July 2016.
As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
14.11.2016
Abdullah ABDULLAH (
)
Date of birth: 1956;
Gender: male
Minister of State under the former al-Assad regime. Appointed in August 2021.
As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
14.11.2016
Salwa ABDULLAH (
)
Date of birth: 1953;
Place of birth: Quneitra, Syria;
Gender: female
Former Minister of social affairs and labour under the former al-Assad regime.
Former State Minister.
As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
14.11.2016
Rafe’a Abu SA’AD (a.k.a. Saad) (
)
Date of birth: 1954;
Place of birth: Habran village, Sweida province, Syria;
Gender: male
Former State Minister under the former al-Assad regime.
As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
14.11.2016
Wafiqa HOSNI (
)
Date of birth: 1952;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Gender: female
State Minister under the former al-Assad regime.
Appointed in July 2016.
As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
14.11.2016
Rima AL-QADIRI (a.k.a. al-Kadiri) (
)
Date of birth: 1963;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Gender: female
Minister for Social Affairs under the former al-Assad regime (since August 2015).
As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
14.11.2016
Duraid DURGHAM
Date of birth: 27.12.1964;
Gender: male
Former Governor of the Central Bank of Syria.
Was responsible for providing economic and financial support to the former al-Assad regime through his functions as the Governor of the Central Bank of Syria, which is also listed.
14.11.2016
Ahmad BALLUL (a.k.a. Ahmad Muhammad Ballul; Ahmed Balol) (
)
Date of birth: 10.10.1954;
Rank: Major General; Commander of the Syrian Arab Air Force and Air Defence Forces;
Gender: male
Holds the rank of Major General, a senior officer and Commander of the Syrian Arab Air and Air Defence Forces under the former al-Assad regime, in post after May 2011.
Operates in the chemical weapons proliferation sector and, as a senior ranking officer of the Syrian Arab Air Force, is responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population, including the use of chemical weapons attacks by the former al-Assad regime identified in the report of the Joint Investigative Mechanism.
21.3.2017
Saji’ DARWISH (a.k.a. Saji Jamil Darwish; Sajee Darwish; Sjaa Darwis) (
)
Date of birth: 11.1.1957;
Rank: Major General, Syrian Arab Air Force;
Gender: male
Holds the rank of Major General, a senior officer and former Commander of the 22nd Division of the Syrian Arab Air Force under the former al-Assad regime, in post after May 2011.
Operates in the chemical weapons proliferation sector and is responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population. As a senior ranking officer of the Syrian Arab Air Force and Commander of the 22nd Division until April 2017 he holds responsibility for the use of chemical weapons by aircraft operating from airbases under the control of the 22nd Division, including the attack on Talmenes that the Joint Investigative Mechanism reported was conducted by Hama airfield-based regime helicopters.
21.3.2017
Muhammed IBRAHIM (
)
Date of birth: 5.8.1964;
Rank: Brigadier General; Deputy Commander of Syrian Arab Air Force 63rd Brigade at Hama airfield;
Gender: male
Holds the rank of Brigadier General, a senior officer and Deputy Commander of the Syrian Arab Air Force 63rd Brigade under the former al-Assad regime, in post after May 2011.
Operates in the chemical weapons proliferation sector and, as a senior ranking officer of the Syrian Arab Air Force during the period investigated by the Joint Investigative Mechanism and as Deputy Commander of the 63rd Brigade from March to December 2015, is responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population through the use of chemical weapons by the 63rd Brigade in Talmenes (21.4.2014), Qmenas (16.3.2015) and Sarmin (16.3.2015).
21.3.2017
Badi’ MU’ALLA (
)
Date of birth: 5.4.1961;
Place of birth: Bistuwir, Jablah, Syria;
Rank: Brigadier General; Commander of Syrian Arab Air Force 63rd Brigade;
Gender: male
Holds the rank of Brigadier General, a senior officer and Commander of 63rd Brigade of the Syrian Arab Air Force under the former al-Assad regime, in post after May 2011.
Operates in the chemical weapons proliferation sector and, as Commander of the 63rd Brigade during the period investigated by the Joint Investigative Mechanism, is responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population through the use of chemical weapons by the 63rd Brigade in Talmenes (21.4.2014), Qmenas (16.3.2015) and Sarmin (16.3.2015).
21.3.2017
Hisham Mohammad Mamdouh AL-SHA’AR (هشام محمد ممدوح الشعار)
Date of birth: 1958;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Justice Minister under the former al-Assad regime.
As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
30.5.2017
Mohammad Samer Abdelrahman AL-KHALIL
Date of birth: 31.12.1977;
Gender: male
Economy and Foreign Trade Minister under the former al-Assad regime. Appointed in March 2017.
30.5.2017
Salam Mohammad AL-SAFFAF
Date of birth: 1979;
Gender: female
Administrative Development Minister under the former al-Assad regime. Appointed in March 2017.
30.5.2017
Samir DABUL (a.k.a. Samir Daaboul)
Date of birth: 4.9.1965;
Rank: Brigadier General;
Gender: male
Holds the rank of Brigadier General under the former al-Assad regime, in post after May 2011.
As a senior military officer, he is responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population and involved in the storage and deployment of chemical weapons. He is also associated with the Syrian Scientific Studies and Research Centre, a listed entity.
18.7.2017
Ali WANUS (a.k.a. Ali Wannous) (
)
Date of birth: 5.2.1964;
Rank: Major General;
Gender: male
Holds the rank of Major General under the former al-Assad regime, in post after May 2011.
As a senior military officer, he is responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population and involved in the storage and deployment of chemical weapons.
He is also associated with the Syrian Scientific Studies and Research Centre, a listed entity.
18.7.2017
Yasin Ahmad DAHI (a.k.a. Yasin Dahi; Yasin Dhahi) (
)
Date of birth: 1960;
Rank: Brigadier General;
Gender: male
Holds the rank of Brigadier General in the Syrian Armed Forces under the former al-Assad regime, in post after May 2011. Senior officer within the Military Intelligence Directorate of the Syrian Armed Forces. Former head of Military Intelligence Branch 235 in Damascus and Military Intelligence in Homs. As a senior military officer, he is responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population.
18.7.2017
Muhammad Yousef HASOURI (a.k.a. Mohammad Yousef Hasouri; Mohammed Yousef Hasouri) (محمد يوسف حاصوري)
Rank: Brigadier General;
Gender: male
Brigadier General Muhammad Hasouri is a senior officer of the Syrian Air Force under the former al-Assad regime, in post after May 2011. He held the position as Chief of Staff of Air Force Brigade 50 and Deputy Commander of the Shayrat Airbase. Brigadier General Muhammad Hasouri operates in the chemical weapons proliferation sector and was involved in the chemical massacre in “Khan Sheikhoun” of 4 April 2017. As a senior military officer, he is responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population in Syria.
18.7.2017
Malik HASAN (a.k.a. Malek Hassan) (
)
Rank: Major General;
Date of birth: 1.1.1959;
Gender: male
Holds the rank of Major General, a senior officer and Commander of the 22nd Division of the Syrian Air Force under the former al-Assad regime, in post after May 2011.
As a senior officer of the Syrian Air Force and in the chain of command of the 22nd Division, he is responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population in Syria, including the use of chemical weapons by aircraft operating from airbases under the control of the 22nd Division, such as the attack on Talmenas that the Joint Investigative Mechanism established by the United Nations reported was conducted by Hama airfield-based regime helicopters.
18.7.2017
Jayyiz Rayyan AL-MUSA (a.k.a. Jaez Sawada al-Hammoud al-Mousa; Jayez al-Hammoud al-Moussa) (جايز ريان الموسى)
Date of birth: 1954;
Place of birth: Hama, Syria;
Rank: Major General;
Gender: male
Former Governor of Hasaka, appointed by former President Bashar al-Assad; he is associated with former President Bashar al-Assad.
Holds the rank of Major General, a senior officer and former Chief of Staff of the Syrian Air Force under the former al-Assad regime.
As a senior officer of the Syrian Air Force under the former al-Assad regime, he is responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population in Syria, including the use of chemical weapons attacks by the former al-Assad regime during his tenure as Chief of Staff of the Syrian Air Force, as identified in the report of the Joint Investigative Mechanism established by the United Nations.
18.7.2017
Mayzar ‘Abdu SAWAN (a.k.a. Meezar Sawan) (
)
Date of birth: 1954;
Rank: Major General;
Gender: male
Holds the rank of Major General, a senior officer and Commander of the 20th Division of the Syrian Air Force under the former al-Assad regime, in post after May 2011.
As a senior officer in the Syrian air force he is responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population including attacks against civilian areas by aircraft operating from airbases under the control of the 20th Division.
18.7.2017
Mohamed Mazen Ali YOUSEF (
)
Date of birth: 17.5.1969;
Place of birth: Damascus Countryside, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Industry under the former al-Assad regime. Appointed in January 2018.
As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
26.2.2018
Imad Abdullah SARA (
)
Date of birth: 1968;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Information under the former al-Assad regime. Appointed in January 2018.
As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
26.2.2018
Yusuf AJEEB (a.k.a.
; Yousef; Ajib)
Position: Brigadier General; Doctor; Head of Security Office, Scientific Studies and Research Centre (SSRC);
Address: Scientific Studies and Research Centre (SSRC), Barzeh Street, P.O. Box 4470, Damascus, Syria;
Gender: male
Holds the rank of Brigadier General, a senior officer in the Syrian Armed Forces under the former al-Assad regime, in post after May 2011. Since 2012, he has been Head of Security for the Scientific Studies and Research Centre (SSRC), which is involved in the chemical weapons proliferation sector. As a result of his senior position as Head of Security for SSRC, he is associated with the designated entity SSRC.
19.3.2018
Houmam JAZA’IRI (a.k.a. Humam al-Jazaeri, Hammam al-Jazairi)
Date of birth: 1977;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Economy and Foreign Trade under the former al-Assad regime, in power after May 2011, then member of the board of Syriatel (until May 2019) which is designated by the Council. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the violent repression of the Syrian people.
21.10.2014
Mohamad Amer MARDINI (a.k.a. Mohammad Amer Mardini, Mohamed Amer MARDINI, Mohamad Amer AL-MARDINI, Mohamed Amer AL-MARDINI, Mohammad Amer AL-MARDINI)
Date of birth: 1959;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Higher Education under former the al-Assad regime, in power after May 2011 (appointed 27.8.2014). As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
21.10.2014
Mohamad Ghazi JALALI (a.k.a. Mohammad Ghazi al-Jalali)
Date of birth: 1969;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Communications and Technology under the former al-Assad regime, in power after May 2011 (appointed 27.8.2014). As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
21.10.2014
Issam KHALIL
Date of birth: 1965;
Place of birth: Banias, Tartus Governorate, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Culture under the former al-Assad regime, in power after May 2011 (appointed 27.8.2014). As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
21.10.2014
Ghassan Ahmed GHANNAM (a.k.a. Major General Ghassan Ghannan, Brigadier General Ghassan Ahmad Ghanem)
Date of birth: 2.2.1957;
Rank: Major General;
Position: Commander of the 155th Missile Brigade;
Gender: male
Member of the Syrian Armed Forces of the rank of Colonel and the equivalent or higher under the former al-Assad regime in post after May 2011. Major General and Commander of the 155th Missile Brigade. Associated with Maher al-Assad through his role in the 155th Missile Brigade. As Commander of the 155th Missile Brigade, he is supporting the former al-Assad regime and he is responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population. Responsible for firing scud missiles at various civilian sites between January and March 2013.
21.10.2014
Abdelhamid Khamis ABDULLAH (a.k.a. Abdulhamid Khamis Abdullah; Hamid Khamis; Abdelhamid Khamis Ahmad Adballa)
Gender: male
Chairman of Overseas Petroleum Trading Company (OPT) which has been listed by the Council for benefiting from and supporting the former al-Assad regime. He coordinated shipments of oil to the former al-Assad regime with listed Syrian state oil company Sytrol. Therefore, he is benefitting from and providing support to the former al-Assad regime.
In view of his position as the most senior person in the entity, he is responsible for its activities.
21.10.2014
Khaled AL-ZUBAIDI (a.k.a. (Mohammed) Khaled/Khalid (Bassam) (al-) Zubaidi/Zubedi) (خالد الزبيدي)
Nationality: Syrian;
Position: Co-owner of Zubaidi and Qalei LLC; Director of Agar Investment Company; General Manager of Al Zubaidi company and Al Zubaidi & Al Taweet Contracting Company; Director and Owner of Zubaidi Development Company; co-owner of Enjaz Investment Company;
Date of birth: 10.4.1976;
Gender: male
Leading businessperson operating in Syria under the former al-Assad regime, with significant investments in the construction industry, including a 50 % stake in Zubaidi and Qalei LLC, which is constructing the luxury tourist city Grand Town and to which the former al-Assad regime has granted a 45-year agreement in return for 19-21 % of its revenue. Khaled al-Zubaidi benefits from and/or supports the former al-Assad regime through his business activities, in particular through this stake in the Grand Town development.
Khaled al-Zubaidi signed a (350 000 USD worth) sponsorship with a Syrian football club “Wihda FC” through one of his companies “Hijaz Company”. Member of the Federation of Syrian Chambers of Tourism since 2019. President of the Syrian-Algerian Business Council.
21.1.2019
Major General Mohammad Khaled AL-RAHMOUN
Date of birth: 1.4.1957;
Place of birth: Idleb, Syria;
Gender: male
Minister of the Interior under the former al-Assad regime.
Appointed in November 2018.
As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
4.3.2019
Mohammad Rami Radwan MARTINI
Date of birth: 31.8.1970;
Place of birth: Aleppo, Syria;
Gender: male
Minister of Tourism under the former al-Assad regime.
Appointed in November 2018.
As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
4.3.2019
Imad Muwaffaq AL-AZAB (عماد موفق العزب)
Date of birth: 1970;
Place of birth: Damascus Countryside, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Education under the former al-Assad regime.
As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
4.3.2019
Bassam Bashir IBRAHIM
Date of birth: 1960;
Place of birth: Hama, Syria;
Gender: male
Minister of Higher Education under the former al-Assad regime.
Appointed in November 2018.
As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
4.3.2019
Suhail Mohammad ABDULLATIF
Date of birth: 1961;
Place of birth: Lattakia, Syria;
Gender: male
Minister of Public Works and Housing under the former al-Assad regime.
Appointed in November 2018.
As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
4.3.2019
Iyad Mohammad AL-KHATIB
Date of birth: 1974;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Gender: male
Minister of Communications and Technology under the former al-Assad regime.
Appointed in November 2018.
As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
4.3.2019
Anas TALAS (a.k.a.
; Anas Talous/Tals/Tuls/Tlass)
Date of birth: 25.3.1975;
Nationality: Syrian;
Position: Chairperson of the Talas Group;
Gender: male
Leading businessperson operating in Syria with interests and activities in multiple sectors of Syria’s economy. Through his business activities and investments, Anas Talas also benefits from and/or supports the former al-Assad regime. In 2018 the Talas Group, chaired by Anas Talas, entered into a SYP 23 billion joint venture with Damascus Cham Holding for the construction of Marota City, a luxury residential and commercial development backed by the former al-Assad regime.
21.1.2019
Mohammed Nazer JAMAL EDDIN (a.k.a. Nazir Ahmad, Mohammed Jamal Eddine; Jamal Aldiyn) (محمد ناذر جمال الدين)
Date of birth: 2.1.1962;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Nationality: Syrian;
Passport number: N 011612445, issue no. 002-17-L022286 (place of issue: Syrian Arab Republic);
ID Number: 010-30208342 (place of issue: Syrian Arab Republic);
Position: Co-founder and majority shareholder of Apex Development and Projects LLC and founder of A’ayan Company for Projects and Equipment;
Gender: male
Leading businessperson operating in Syria linked to the former al-Assad regime with significant investments in the construction industry, including a controlling 90 % stake in Apex Development and Projects LLC, which has entered into a USD 34,8 million joint venture for the construction of Marota City, a luxury residential and commercial development backed by the former al-Assad regime. Through his participation in the Marota City development, Mohammed Nazer Jamal Eddin benefits from and/or supports the former al-Assad regime. In May 2019, Jamal Eddin created “Trillium Private JSC”, a 15 million SYP company involved in the trade of building materials and electrical products.
21.1.2019
Mazin AL-TARAZI (a.k.a.
; Mazen al-Tarazi) (مازن الترزي)
Date of birth: 1.9.1962;
Nationality: Syrian;
Position: Businessperson;
Gender: male
Leading businessperson operating in Syria linked to the former al-Assad regime, with significant investments in the construction and aviation sectors. Through his investments and activities, Mazin al-Tarazi benefits from and/or supports the former al-Assad regime. In particular, Mazin al-Tarazi has concluded a deal with Damascus Cham Holding for a USD 320 million investment in the construction of Marota City, a luxury residential and commercial development backed by the former al-Assad regime. He has also been granted a licence for a private airline in Syria. In September 2019, he created “al-Dana Group Investments LLC”, a 25 million SYP company involved in export-import and investing in tourism facilities and commercial complexes. Mazin al-Tarazi is a member of the Syrian-Iranian Business Council (SIBC) and served as an intermediary for the Iranian regime to purchase real estate in Syria.
21.1.2019
Samer FOZ (a.k.a. Samir Foz/Fawz; Samer Zuhair Foz; Samer Foz bin Zuhair) (سامر فوز)
Date of birth: 20.5.1973;
Place of birth: Homs, Syria;
Nationalities: Syrian, Turkish;
Turkish Passport number: U 09471711 (place of issue Turkey; expiry date 21.7.2024);
Syrian national number: 06010274705;
Address: Platinum Tower, office No 2405, Jumeirah Lake Towers, Dubai, UAE;
Gender: male
Leading businessperson operating in Syria linked to the former al-Assad regime, with interests and activities in multiple sectors of Syria’s economy. Samer Foz provides financial and other support to the former al-Assad regime, including funding the Military Security Shield Forces in Syria and brokering grain deals. He also benefits financially from access to commercial opportunities through the wheat trade and reconstruction projects as a result of his links to the former regime.
Samer Foz opened a sugar refining factory (“Samer Foz Factory”) in 2021 in support of the former al-Assad regime’s objective to increase sugar production across the country.
21.1.2019
Hussam AL QATARJI (a.k.a. Hussam/Hossam Ahmed/Mohammed/Muhammad al-Katerji) (حسام القطرجي)
Date of birth: 1.1.1982;
Place of birth: Raqqa, Syria;
Nationality: Syrian;
Position: CEO of Katerji Group (a.k.a. Al Qatarji, Al Qatarji Company/Qatirji Company/ Khatirji Group/Katerji International Group);
Gender: male
Leading businessperson operating in Syria linked to the former al-Assad regime, who is also a Member of the Syrian Parliament. Al Qatarji supports and benefits from the former al-Assad regime through enabling, and profiting from, trade deals with the former al-Assad regime in relation to oil and wheat.
Hussam Al Qatarji, with his family, has secured a license to create a new bank, the National Islamic Bank. They have also acquired a new cement plant from the government, through one of their companies, Nabd Contracting and Construction. They also expanded in the tourism sector creating Arman Hotel and Tourist Management LLC. They also entered into a joint venture with the ministry of tourism “Bere Aleppo Private JSC”. Hussam Al Qatarji and his family also run a militia in Aleppo. In October 2021, Qaterji’s BS Company for Oil Services signed a deal with the former al-Assad regime to supply gas stations with fuel in former al-Assad’s regime held areas.
21.1.2019
Yasser Aziz ABBAS (a.k.a. Yasser, Yaser, Yasr; Aziz, Aziz; Abbas, Abas; ياسرعزيزعباس)
Date of birth: 22.8.1978;
Nationality: Syrian;
Relatives/business associates/entities or partners/links: Bajaa Trading Services LLC; Qudrah Trading; Tafawoq Tourism Projects Company; Top Business Yang King; Al-Aziz Group;
Gender: male
Leading businessperson operating in Syria linked to the former al-Assad regime. Supports and/or benefits from the former al-Assad regime through business dealings, including fuel smuggling and weapons transfers. Yasser Aziz Abbas profits from facilitating oil imports on behalf of the former al-Assad regime and uses his relations with the former al-Assad regime to obtain preferential dealings and treatment.
17.2.2020
Waseem AL-KATTAN (وسيم القطان) (a.k.a. Waseem, Wasseem, Wassim, Wasim; Anouar; al-Kattan, al-Katan, al-Qattan, al-Qatan; وسيم قطان, وسيم أنوار القطان)
Date of birth: 20.6.1976;
Nationality: Syrian;
Syrian National ID Number: 10090110187
Position: President of Damascus Countryside (Rural) Province Chamber of Commerce;
Relatives/business associates/entities or partners/links: Larosa Furniture/Furnishing; Jasmine Fields Company Ltd.; Muruj Cham (Murooj al-Cham) Investment and Tourism Group; Adam and Investment LLC; Universal Market Company LLC; Treasurer of the Federation of Syrian Chambers of Commerce;
Gender: male
Leading businessperson operating in Syria benefitting from and supporting the former al-Assad regime. Owner of multiple businesses and holding companies with interests and activities in various economic sectors such as real estate, the luxury hotel industry and commercial centres. Waseem al-Kattan rose rapidly as a leading businessperson by imposing taxes on goods smuggled into Eastern Ghouta under siege, and is now involved in aggressive forms of clientelism to the benefit of the former al-Assad regime. Waseem al-Kattan benefits financially from favoured access to public tenders as well as to licences and contracts awarded by government agencies as a result of his close ties to the former al-Assad regime.
In 2020, al-Kattan was elected member of the Damascus Chamber of Commerce. In November 2021, al-Kattan was appointed secretary of the Federation of Syrian chambers of commerce by the Syrian Government, despite having lost elections. In 2022, al-Kattan was appointed Chairman of the Syrian-Omani Business Council.
17.2.2020
Amer FOZ (a.k.a. Amer Zuhair Fawz) (عامر فوز)
Date of birth: 11.3.1976;
Place of birth: Homs, Syria;
Nationality: Syrian; Saint Kitts and Nevis;
National no: 06010274747;
Passport no: 002-14-L169340
UAE resident card: 784-1976-7135283-5
Position: Founder of District 6 Company; Founding partner of Easy life Company;
Relatives/business associates/entities or partners/links: Samer Foz; Vice Chairman of Asas Steel Company; Aman Holding;
Gender: male
Leading businessperson linked to the former al-Assad regime with personal and family business interests and activities in multiple sectors of the Syrian economy. He benefits financially from access to commercial opportunities and supports the former al-Assad regime.
He is also associated with his brother Samer Foz, who has been designated by the Council since January 2019 as a leading businessperson operating in Syria and for supporting or benefiting from the al-Assad regime. Together with his brother, he is engaged in various activities with ISIL (Da’esh) on behalf of the former al-Assad regime, including the provision of weapons and ammunitions in exchange for wheat and oil.
17.2.2020
Saqr RUSTOM (a.k.a. Saqr, Saqer; As’ad, Asaad, Asad; al-Rustom, al-Rostom; صقررستم, صقرأسعدالرستم)
Nationality: Syrian;
Position: Head of National Defence Force in Homs;
Relatives/business associates/entities or partners/links: Damas Real Estate Development and Investment LLC;
Date of birth: 4.12.1947;
Gender: male
Head of the local branch of the National Defence Force in Homs under the former al-Assad regime (a regime militia – Shabiha). Responsible for its participation in the brutal repression of the civilian population in Syria. Through his militia, Saqr Rustom is responsible for multiple war profiteering schemes and is therefore benefitting from and supporting the former al-Assad regime. Associated with designated person Bassam Hassan, his uncle, with whom he established the Damas Real Estate Development and Investment LLC in order to invest in real estate projects.
17.2.2020
Khodr Ali TAHER (a.k.a. خضر علي طاهر)
Date of birth: 15.5.1976;
Nationality: Syrian;
Position: Director and owner of Ella Media Services; founding partner of Castle Security and Protection and of Jasmine Contracting Company; Chairperson and founding partner of the Syrian Hotel Management Company; Manager and owner of Ematel;
Relatives/business associates/entities or partners/links: Citadel for Protection; Guard and Security Services (Castle Security and protection); Ematel LLC (Ematel Communications); Syrian Hotel Management Company; Jasmine Contracting Company;
Gender: male
Leading businessperson linked to the former al-Assad regime operating across multiple sectors of the Syrian economy, including private security, mobile phone retail, hotel management, advertising services, domestic money transfer, alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages.
Supports and benefits from the former al-Assad regime through cooperation in his business activities and his involvement in smuggling and profiteering activities. Khodr Ali Taher owns a number of companies and has co-founded others. His involvement in business dealings with the former al-Assad regime includes entering into a joint venture with the Syrian Transport and Tourism Company, of which the Ministry of Tourism owns a two-thirds stake.
17.2.2020
Adel Anwar AL-OLABI (a.k.a. Adel Anouar el-Oulabi, Adil Anwar al-Olabi) (عادل أنور العلبي)
Date of birth: 10.1.1976;
Nationality: Syrian;
Position: Chairman of Damascus Cham Holding Company (DCHC); Governor of Damascus;
Gender: male
Leading businessperson benefitting from and supporting the former al-Assad regime. Chairperson of Damascus Cham Holding Company (DCHC), the investment arm of the Governorate of Damascus managing the properties of the Governorate of Damascus and implementing the Marota City project.
Adel Anwar al-Olabi is also the Governor of Damascus, appointed by former President Bashar al-Assad in November 2018. As Governor of Damascus and Chair of DCHC, he is responsible for efforts to implement former al-Assad’s regime policies of developing expropriated land in Damascus (including Decree No 66 and Law No 10), most notably through the Marota City project.
17.2.2020
Talal AL-BARAZI (a.k.a. Barazi) (طلال البرازي)
Date of birth: 1963;
Place of birth: Hama city, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Internal Trade and Consumer Protection under the former al-Assad regime.
As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
16.10.2020
Loubana MOUCHAWEH (a.k.a. Lubana, Mshaweh) (لبانة مشوّح)
Date of birth: 1955;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Gender: female
Culture Minister under the former al-Assad regime. Appointed in August 2020.
As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
16.10.2020
Darem TABA’A (دارم طباع)
Date of birth: 7.4.1958;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Education. Appointed in August 2020 under the former al-Assad regime.
As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
16.10.2020
Ahmad SAYYED (a.k.a. Alsyed, al-Sayyed, al-Sayed) (أحمد السيد)
Date of birth: 1965;
Place of birth: Quneitra, Syria;
Gender: Male
Minister of Justice under the former al-Assad regime. Appointed in August 2020.
As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression against the civilian population.
16.10.2020
Tammam RA’AD (a.k.a. Tamam, Raad) (تمام رعد)
Date of birth: 1965;
Place of birth: Al-Qusayr, Syria; or Homs, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Hydraulic/Water Resources under the former al-Assad regime.
As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
16.10.2020
Kinan YAGHI (a.k.a. Kenan, Yagi) (كنان ياغي)
Date of birth: 1976;
Place of birth: Salmiya, Hama countryside, Syria;
Gender: male
Minister of Finance under the former al-Assad regime. Appointed in August 2020.
As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
16.10.2020
Zuhair KHAZIM (a.k.a. Zouhair) (زهير خزيم)
Date of birth: 1963;
Place of birth: Ain al-Tinah, Syria; or Lattakia, Syria;
Gender: male
Minister of Transport under the former al-Assad regime. Appointed in August 2020.
As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
16.10.2020
Bassam TOU’MA (a.k.a. TU’MA) (بسام طعمة)
Date of birth: 1969;
Place of birth: Safita, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of oil and mineral resources under the former al-Assad regime.
As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression against the civilian population.
6.11.2020
Hassan GHABACHE (a.k.a. GHOBASH, AL-GHABBASH) (حسن غباشة)
Date of birth: 1971
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria
Gender: male
Minister of health under the former al-Assad regime.
Appointed in August 2020.
As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression against the civilian population.
6.11.2020
Ziyad SABBAGH (زياد صباغ)
Date of birth: 1960;
Place of birth: Aleppo, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Industry under the former al-Assad regime.
As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression against the civilian population.
6.11.2020
Mohammad Hassan QATANA (حسن قطانة)
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria
Gender: male
Minister of Agriculture and Agrarian reform under the former al-Assad regime. Appointed in August 2020.
As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression against the civilian population.
6.11.2020
Ghassan ZAMEL (a.k.a. AL-ZAMIL, AL-ZAMEL) (غسان زامل)
Date of birth: 1963
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria
Gender: male
Minister of Electricity under the former al-Assad regime.
Appointed in August 2020.
As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression against the civilian population.
6.11.2020
Mohamad (a.k.a. Mohammad) Fayez BARCHA (a.k.a. AL-BARSHA, AL-BARASHA) (محمد فايز برشة)
Date of birth: 1955;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of State under the former al-Assad regime.
As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression against the civilian population.
6.11.2020
Malloul (a.k.a. Maloul) HUSSEIN (a.k.a. AL-HUSSEIN) (ملول حسين)
Date of birth: 1950;
Place of birth: Al-Hasakah Governorate, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of State under the former al-Assad regime.
As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression against the civilian population.
6.11.2020
Mohammad Samir HADDAD (محمد سمير حداد)
Date of birth: 1956;
Place of birth: Tartus, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of State under the former al-Assad regime.
As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression against the civilian population.
6.11.2020
Faisal MEKDAD (a.k.a. Fayçal, al-Mekdad, Meqdad, al-Meqdad) (فيصل المقداد)
Date of birth: 1954;
Place of birth: Ghasm, Daraa Governorate, Syria;
Gender: male
Minister of Foreign Affairs under the former al-Assad regime. Appointed in November 2020.
As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression against the civilian population.
15.1.2021
Amr SALEM (عمرو سالم)
Date of birth: January 1958;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Gender: male
Former Minister of Internal Trade and Consumer Protection under the former al-Assad regime.
As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
15.11.2021
Boutros AL-HALLAQ (بطرس الحلاق)
Place of birth: Damascus countryside, Syria;
Gender: male
Minister of information under the former al-Assad regime. Appointed in August 2021.
As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
15.11.2021
Mohammad SEIFEDDINE (a.k.a. Seif Eddin, Seif El Din) (محمد سيف الدين)
Gender: male
Minister of Labour and social affairs under the former al-Assad regime. Appointed in August 2021.
As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
15.11.2021
Diala BARAKAT (ديالا بركات)
Date of birth: 1980;
Gender: female
Minister of State under the former al-Assad regime. Appointed in August 2021.
As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
15.11.2021
Andrey Nikolaevich TROSHEV (a.k.a. Andrei Mykolayvych TROSHEV) Андрей Николаевич ТРОШЕВ
Position(s): Retired colonel, Founding member and Executive Director (Chief of Staff) of the Wagner Group;
Rank: Retired Colonel;
Call sign: Siedoy;
Date of birth: 5.4.1953;
Place of birth: Leningrad, former USSR (now Russian Federation);
Nationality: Russian;
Relatives/Associates: Dimitriy Utkin (Wagner Group Founder); Andrey Bogatov (Head of the 4th Attack and Reconnaissance Company of the Wagner Group), Aleksandr Sergeevich Kuznetsov (Commander of the 1st Attack and Reconnaissance Company of the Wagner Group);
Gender: male
Executive Director (Chief of Staff) of the Wagner Group, which operates in Syria and trains and directs Syrian forces. The Wagner Group also supports the former al-Assad regime and fights alongside al-Assad-regime-affiliated militias and the Syrian army during the former al-Assad regime.
Andrey Troshev is directly involved in the military operations of the Wagner Group in Syria. He was particularly involved in the area of Deir ez-Zor. As such, he provides a crucial contribution to Bashar al-Assad’s war effort and therefore supports and benefits from the former al-Assad regime.
13.12.2021
Andrey Mikhailovich BOGATOV (a.k.a. Andrei Mychailovych BOGATOV) Андрей Михайлович БОГАТОВ
Position(s): Head of the 4th Attack and Reconnaissance Company of the Wagner Group;
Call sign: Brodiaga;
Wagner group ID: M-1601;
Date of birth: 14.6.1964;
Place of birth: Stary Oskol, Belgorod region, former USSR (now Russian Federation);
Nationality: Russian;
Relatives/Associates: Dimitriy Utkin (Wagner Group Founder); Andrey Nikolaevich Troshev (Founding member and Executive Director (Chief of Staff) of the Wagner Group), Aleksandr Sergeevich Kuznetsov (Commander of the 1st Attack and Reconnaissance Company of the Wagner Group);
Gender: male
Head of the 4th Attack and Reconnaissance Company of the Wagner Group, which operates in Syria and trains and directs Syrian forces. The Wagner Group also supports the former al-Assad regime and fights alongside regime-affiliated militias and the Syrian army during the former al-Assad regime.
Andrey Bogatov commands the operations of the Wagner Group and is directly involved in the military operations of the Wagner Group in Syria. He was particularly involved in the battle of Palmyra. As such, he provides a crucial contribution to Bashar al-Assad’s war effort and therefore supports and benefits from the former al-Assad regime.
13.12.2021
Saleh AL-ABDULLAH (
)
DOB: 1967
POB: Safita, Tartus, Syria
Position: Brigadier General
Gender: male
Saleh al-Abdullah is the commander of the 16th Brigade affiliated with the command of Russian forces in Syria since 2020. He was previously the deputy of Brigadier General Suhail al-Hassan, in the 25th Division of the Syrian Army during the former al-Assad regime. He is involved in the recruitment of members of the 16th Brigade to fight in Ukraine alongside Russia.
In this capacity, Saleh al-Abdullah is a member of the Syrian Armed Forces under the former al-Assad regime of the rank of “colonel” and the equivalent or higher in post after May 2011.
21.7.2022
Ahmed KHALIL KHALIL (a.k.a. Ahmed KHALIL, Ahmad Khalil Khalil) (احمد خليل خليل)
Date of birth: 1969;
Place of birth: Qayrun;
Gender: male
Ahmed Khalil Khalil is the co-owner of Sanad Protection and Security Services, a Syrian private security company established in 2017 and supervised by the Wagner Group in Syria, active in the protection of Russian interests (phosphates, gas and securing oil sites) in Syria. The exploitation of natural resources provides revenues to the former al-Assad regime. In addition, the company is active in the recruitment of Syrian mercenaries to Libya and Ukraine.
As such, Ahmed Khalil Khalil supports the former al-Assad regime and benefits from it.
21.7.2022
Nasser Deeb DEEB (a.k.a. Nasser Dhib, Nasser Dib, Nasser Deeb) (ناصر ديب)
Date of birth: 21.2.1974;
Place of birth: Baniyas, Tartus, Syria;
Syrian National ID Number: 10090110187;
Gender: male
Nasser Deeb Deeb is the co-owner of Sanad Protection and Security Services, a Syrian private security company established in 2017 and supervised by the Wagner Group, active in the protection of Russian interests (phosphates, gas and securing oil sites) in Syria. The exploitation of natural resources provides revenues to the former al-Assad regime. In addition, he is also co-owner of the company Ella Services together with Khodr Ali Taher.
In this capacity, Nasser Deeb Deeb supports the former al-Assad regime and benefits from it.
21.7.2022
Issam SHAMMOUT (a.k.a. Mohammed Issam Shammout, Mohamed Essam Shammout, Muhammad Issam Shammout, Muhammad Essam Shammout) (محمد عصام شموط)
Date of birth: 26.8.1971
Place of birth: 232, Tanzeem Kafarsus, Damascus, Syria
Gender: male
Issam Shammout is the owner and chairman of the board of directors of the airline “Cham Wings” and head of the Shammout Group, active in the automotive, steel, aviation, freight forwarding, construction, and real estate sectors. Cham Wings transported weapons for the former al-Assad regime.
In this capacity, Issam Shammout is a leading businessperson operating in Syria linked to the former al-Assad regime.
21.7.2022
Wasim Badia AL-ASSAD وسيم بديع الأسد
Date of birth: 18.7.1980;
Place of birth: Qardaha/Syria;
Nationality: Syrian;
Gender: male
Wasim Badia al-Assad is Bashar al-Assad’s cousin; he is therefore a member of the Assad family.
Wasim Badia al-Assad is also involved in the production and trafficking of Captagon. In particular, he has been involved in the production of Captagon and is responsible for drug shipments. The Captagon trade has become a business model led by the former al-Assad regime, enriching the inner circle of the former al-Assad regime and forming its lifeline. He therefore benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime.
24.4.2023
Samer Kamal AL-ASSAD a.k.a. “Samir” سامر كمال الأسد
Date of birth: 19.5.1973;
Place of birth: Qardaha, Syria;
Nationality: Syrian;
Gender: male
Samer Kamal al-Assad is a member of the Assad family.
He operates in the context of the narcotics trade, in particular in its production. The Captagon trade has become a business model led by the former al-Assad regime, enriching the inner circle of the former al-Assad regime and forming its lifeline. He therefore benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime.
24.4.2023
Mohammad SHALISH محمد شاليش
Nationality: Syrian;
Gender: male
Mohammad Shalish has close ties to the former al-Assad regime.
He is linked to drug operations and more specifically to the Captagon trade in the Lattakia region. The Captagon trade has become a business model led by the former al-Assad regime, enriching the inner circle of the former al-Assad regime and forming its lifeline. He therefore benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime.
24.4.2023
Waseem Omar AL-MASALMA وسيم عمر المسالمة
Date of birth: 27.8.1981;
Place of birth: Bosra Al-Sham/Syria;
Nationality: Syrian;
Gender: male
Waseem Omar al-Masalma is a leader of a regime-affiliated militia.
Waseem Omar al-Masalma is involved in the former al-Assad’s regime-led trade in Captagon in Southern Syria, especially in Deraa. The Captagon trade has become a business model led by the former al-Assad regime, enriching the inner circle of the former al-Assad regime and forming its lifeline. He therefore benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime.
24.4.2023
Amer Tayseer KHITI عامرتيسير خيتي
Date of birth: 31.7.1980;
Place of birth: Duma/Rif Dimashq Governorate/Syria;
Nationality: Syrian;
Gender: male
Amer Tayseer Khiti is a leading businessperson operating in Syria with interests in real estate, construction and industry. He has close ties to the Assad family. He is a supporter of former President al-Assad and organised rallies for him.
Amer Tayseer Khiti is also involved in Captagon smuggling operations and bought up real estate in order to invest in packaging facilities used for drug smuggling. The Captagon trade has become a business model led by the former al-Assad regime, enriching the inner circle of the former al-Assad regime and forming its lifeline. He therefore benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime.
24.4.2023
Abdellatif HAMID a.k.a. “Hamida” عبد اللطيف حميدة
Date of birth: 1.12.1977;
Place of birth: Aleppo, Syria;
Nationality: Syrian;
Gender: male
Abdellatif Hamid has close ties to the Assad family.
Abdellatif Hamid owns a factory in Aleppo that has been implicated in Captagon production and trafficking. The Captagon trade has become a business model led by the former al-Assad regime, enriching the inner circle of the former al-Assad regime and forming its lifeline. He therefore benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime.
24.4.2023
Nouh ZAITER Noah ZAITER Noah ZAYTAR نوح زعيتر
Date of birth: 1977;
Place of birth: Zahle, Lebanon;
Nationality: Lebanese;
Gender: male
Nouh Zaiter is associated with members of the Assad family.
He is involved in the trafficking of Captagon in Lebanon and Syria. The Captagon trade has become a business model led by the former al-Assad regime, enriching the inner circle of the former al-Assad regime and forming its lifeline. He therefore benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime.
24.4.2023
Taher AL-KAYALI طاهر الكيالي
Date of birth: 11.7.1960;
Nationality: Syrian;
Gender: male
Taher al-Kayali is a Syrian businessperson who owns several companies including Neptunus LLC.
Through his companies, he is involved in the production and trafficking of Captagon, especially in terms of transportation from the port of Latakia. The Captagon trade has become a business model led by the former al-Assad regime, enriching the inner circle of the former al-Assad regime and forming its lifeline. He therefore benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime.
24.4.2023
Imad Abu ZUREIQ Emad Abu ZURAIQ Imad Abu ZREIK عماد أبو زريق
Date of birth: 9.2.1979;
Place of birth: Nasib, Daraa (Syria);
Nationality: Syrian;
Suspected location: Daraa, Syria;
Gender: male
Imad Abu Zureiq is a leading member of a former al-Assad-regime-affiliated militia in Southwest Syria that reports directly to the Syrian regime’s Military Security branch.
Currently his militia profits from the war economy, including the trafficking in Captagon. The Captagon trade has become a business model led by the former al-Assad regime, enriching the inner circle of the former al-Assad regime and forming its lifeline. He therefore benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime.
24.4.2023
Hassan Muhammad DAQQOU حسن محمد دقو
Date of birth: 17.1.1978;
Place of birth: Tfail, Lebanon;
Nationality: Syrian/Lebanese;
Gender: male
Hassan Muhammad Daqqou has close ties with the Fourth Division of the Syrian Army during the former al-Assad regime. Daqqou has established a wide drug trafficking network in Lebanon and Syria and built Captagon manufacturing plants close to the Syrian-Lebanese border. The Captagon trade has become a business model led by the former al-Assad regime, enriching the inner circle of the former al-Assad regime and forming its lifeline. He therefore benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime.
24.4.2023
Jihad BARAKAT جهاد بركات
Date of birth: 4.3.1964;
Place of birth: Qardahah/Syria;
Nationality: Syrian;
Gender: male
Jihad Barakat is, through marriage, associated with the Assad family.
He is also leader of a regime-affiliated militia and continues to hold different military and intelligence functions for the former al-Assad regime.
24.4.2023
Raji FALHOUT راجي فلحوط
Date of birth: 3.10.1985;
Place of birth: Atil, Syria;
Position: al-Assad-regime-affiliated militia leader;
Nationality: Syrian;
Gender: male
Raji Falhout leads an al-Assad-regime-affiliated militia that is associated with the Syrian Military Intelligence.
Raji Falhout is also involved in drug trafficking linked to Captagon. The Captagon trade has become a business model led by the former al-Assad regime, enriching the inner circle of the former al-Assad regime and forming its lifeline. He therefore benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime.
24.4.2023
Muhammad ABDO ASSAAD a.k.a. Asa’ad محمد عبده أسعد
Date of birth: 19.7.1975;
Place of birth: Ain Tineh, Damascus Countryside, Syria;
Nationality: Syrian;
Address: Assaad Building, Main Street, Ain Tineh, Damascus Countryside;
Other identifying information: Father: Abdo Assaad;
Gender: male
Muhammad Abdo Assaad is the leader of the Hosn al-Watan militia, which fought on behalf of the former al-Assad regime.
Most recently, he has founded the Aman for Protection and Security LLC, which offers private security services and operates as a shell company for the Hosn al-Watan militia. He therefore benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime.
24.4.2023
Samer AL-DIBIS سامر الدبس (a.k.a. Samer AL-DIBS, Samir)
Date of birth: 30.3.1962;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Nationality: Syrian;
Address: Naher Street, Rawda, Damascus, Syria;
Gender: male
Samer al-Dibis is a leading businessperson operating in Syria linked to the former al-Assad regime, active in several sectors of the economy, especially in the chemical industry and in real estate. He is a member of the Board of Directors of the Syrian-Chinese Business Council and the chairman of the Damascus and Rural Damascus Chamber of Industry. He is also a member of Parliament and a close associate of Maher al-Assad. In these functions Samer al-Dibis benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime.
24.4.2023
Ali Najib IBRAHIM علي نجيب إبراهيم (a.k.a. Ali Najeeb IBRAHIM)
Date of birth: 1991;
Position: businessperson;
Nationality: Syrian;
Address: Al-Malki, Damascus, Syria;
Gender: male
Ali Najib Ibrahim is a leading businessperson operating in Syria linked to the former al-Assad regime, active also in the telecommunications sector. He owns several shell companies, which have been linked to the former al-Assad regime in attempts to circumvent sanctions. He therefore benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime.
24.4.2023
Jamal ISMAIL a.k.a. Ismael جمال إسماعيل
Nationality: Syrian;
Associated entities: Military Intelligence Directorate;
Gender: male
Jamal Ismail was the commander of Branch 227 of the Military Intelligence Directorate of the former al-Assad regime on 13 April 2013 when his unit killed at least 41 civilians in the town of Tadamon (“Tadamon massacre”). He is therefore responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population in Syria.
24.4.2023
Jamal AL-KHATIB جمال الخطيب
Associated entities: Military Intelligence Directorate
Jamal al-Khatib was a commanding officer in Branch 227 of the Military Intelligence Directorate of the former al-Assad regime on 13 April 2013 when he participated in the killing of at least 41 civilians in the town of Tadamon (“Tadamon massacre”). He is therefore responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population in Syria.
24.4.2023
Osama AL-MALIKI a.k.a. Usama أسامة المالكي
Date of birth: 10.2.1963;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Nationality: Syrian;
Address: Villa 98, Sharqiyyat, Jazira al-Khamisa, Qura al-Assad, Damascus Coutryside, Syria;
Other identifying information: Father: Mohammad al-Maliki – محمد المالكي
Gender: male
Osama al-Maliki is majority owner of Al-Jabal Security and Protection LLC. Al-Jabal Security and Protection LLC acts as a shell company to allow for the continuation of activities of the Saraya al-Areen 313 militia, a former al-Assad-regime-affiliated militia. Osama al-Maliki therefore benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime.
24.4.2023
Fadi SAQR فادي أحمد (a.k.a. Fady SAKR, Fadi SAQER, Fadi SAQIR)
Date of birth: 1975
Place of birth: Jablah, Syria;
Nationality: Syrian;
Gender: male
Fadi Saqr is a leader of the “National Defense Forces” (NDF) militia in Damascus that has fought on behalf of the former al-Assad regime since at least 2012. Fadi Saqr therefore is a member of an al-Assad-regime-affiliated militia.
Fadi Saqr was part of the chain of command in the massacre of at least 41 civilians in the town of Tadamon on 13 April 2013 (“Tadamon massacre”) under the former al-Assad regime. He is therefore responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population in Syria.
24.4.2023
Ahmad Ali TAHER احمد علي طاهر
Date of birth: 1.1.1982;
Nationality: Syrian;
Address: Damascus, Mazze, Western Villas, Saraya 36 Building, 3rd Floor;
Associated individuals: Brother: Khodr Taher;
Associated entities: Castle Security and Protection LLC;
Other identifying information: Father: Ali Taher;
Gender: male
Ahmad Ali Taher owns shares in Castle Security and Protection LLC, which operates as a shell company for the Fourth Division of the Syrian Arab Army, led by Maher al-Assad. He therefore benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime.
24.4.2023
Amjad YOUSSEF a.k.a. Yusuf, Yousef أمجد يوسف
Nationality: Syrian;
Gender: male
Amjad Youssef is a Warrant Officer in the Syrian Military Intelligence Directorate under the former al-Assad regime.
He was a member of Branch 227 of the Military Intelligence Directorate of the former al-Assad regime on 13 April 2013, when he participated in the killing of at least 41 civilians in the town of Tadamon (“Tadamon massacre”). He is therefore responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population in Syria.
24.4.2023
Osama RAMADAN a.k.a. Usama أسامة رمضان
Date of birth: 19.12.1973;
Nationality: Syrian;
Address: Damascus, Mazze, Western Villas, Saraya 36 Building, 3rd Floor;
Business Associate: Ahmad Ali Taher;
Associated entities: Castle Security and Protection LLC;
Other identifying information: Father: Hassan Ramadan;
Gender: male
Osama Ramadan owns shares in Castle Security and Protection LLC, which operates as a shell company for the Fourth Division of the Syrian Arab Army, led by the Maher al-Assad. He therefore benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime.
24.4.2023
Ali Mhanna SULEIMAN علي مهنا سليمان
Date of birth: 2.3.1987;
Place of birth: Al-Raml, Kherbet Maaza, Tartus, Syria;
Nationality: Syrian;
Address: Tartus, Khirbit Maaza, 36th Estate, Ghaya Estate Area;
National ID Number: 10040018920;
Father’s Name: Mhanna;
Mother’s Name: Insaf;
Gender: male
Ali Suleiman was the leader of the Sahab Regiment of a Syrian Arab Army division known as “Tiger Forces”. He is a close associate of Suhayl Hassan. He has been involved in financing the former al-Assad regime, including through the smuggling of fuel. He also benefits from his association with the former al-Assad regime, such as from opportunities in real estate development. He therefore benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime.
24.4.2023
Fereydoun Mohammadi SAGHAEI فریدون محمدﻯ سقایی
Date of birth: 1964;
Nationality: Iranian;
Gender: male
Fereydoun Mohammadi Saghaei is Deputy Commander of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) Aerospace Force. He is in charge of the IRGC’s air defence project in Syria. That project takes place within the context of Iran supporting the former al-Assad regime by sending military equipment and personnel to Syria. Therefore, Fereydoun Mohammadi Saghaei is supporting the former al-Assad regime.
20.7.2023
Mahmoud al-Dj
Date of birth: 26.7.1983;
Place of birth: Tell Rifaat, Aleppo, Syria;
Nationality: Syrian/Libyan;
Gender: male
Mahmoud al-Dj is a leading businessperson operating in Syria under the former al-Assad regime, who owns several companies active in different sectors such as logistics and tourism. He facilitates illicit transactions between regime-affiliated persons and entities in Syria and Eastern Libya, including in relation to narcotics, and the shipments of arms and mercenaries. His position is enabled through his close ties with the former al-Assad regime, from which he and his businesses are benefitting. His activities, on the other hand, support the former al-Assad regime and enable it to access illicit revenues. He is therefore benefiting from, and providing support to, the former al-Assad regime.
22.1.2024
Yasser Hussein Ibrahim a.k.a. Yassar Hussein Ibrahim يسار حسين إبراهيم
Date of birth: 9.4.1983;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Nationality: Syrian;
Gender: male
Yasser Ibrahim is an economic advisor to Bashar al-Assad and acts in the economic council run by Asma al-Assad. Together with Ali Najib Ibrahim he operates a number of shell companies, and acts as a front for business activities of Bashar al-Assad and Asma al-Assad. Therefore, Yasser Ibrahim is benefitting from and supporting the former al-Assad regime.
22.1.2024;
Bilal al-Naal (a.k.a. al-Na’al)
Date of birth:14.4.1975;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Nationality: Syrian;
Gender: male
Bilal al-Naal is a founder and partner of multiple trading and investment companies in Syria.
He is a member of the Syrian-Russian Business Council making him instrumental in the economic ties between Russia and the former al-Assad regime. Al-Naal is also a member of the Syrian parliament and former member of the Damascus governorate council. Therefore, Bilal al-Naal is a leading business person in Syria, who is in this capacity supporting and benefiting from the former al-Assad regime. He is also associated with Fadi Saqr, Cham Holding and Bishr al-Sabban.
22.1.2024
Fahad Darwish (a.k.a. Fahd/Fahed)
Date of birth:1955;
Place of birth: Damascus, Syria;
Nationality: Syrian/Iranian;
Gender: male
Fahd Darwish is President of the Joint Syrian-Iranian Chamber of Commerce. In addition, Darwish owns and runs multiple businesses in Syria active in different sectors such as trading and pharmaceuticals.
Therefore, Darwish is a leading businessperson operating in Syria, who is, in this capacity, supporting and benefitting from the former al-Assad regime.
22.1.2024
Mohannad al-Dabbagh
Date of birth: 6.3.1967;
Nationality: Syrian/Iranian;
Gender: male
Mohannad al-Dabbagh is a cousin of Asma al-Assad. He co-owns Takamol LLC, a company responsible for managing the electronic “smart card program” used since 2014 to distribute subsidised food and other products in Syria under the umbrella of the Ministry of Domestic Trade and Consumer Protection. In particular, Takamol LLC earns a fee for every transaction operated through the smart card.
Mohannad al-Dabbagh is therefore benefitting from and supporting the former al-Assad regime.
22.1.2024
Firas al-Akhras
Date of birth: 1.3.1978;
Place of birth: London, United Kingdom;
Nationality: Syrian;
Gender: male
Firas al-Akhras is the brother of Asma al-Assad. He is co-owner of the Takamol LLC company responsible for managing the electronic “smart card program” used since 2014 to distribute subsidised food and other products in Syria, under the umbrella of the Ministry of Domestic Trade and Consumer Protection. In particular, Takamol LLC earns a fee for every transaction operated through the smart card.
Firas al-Akhras is therefore benefitting from and supporting the former al-Assad regime.
22.1.2024
Louai Emad El-Din al-MUNAJJID لؤي عماد الدين المنجد
Nationality: Syrian;
Gender: male
Minister of Internal Trade and Consumer Protection under the former al-Assad regime. Appointed in September 2024.
Former Minister of Social Affairs and Labor.
As a Government Minister, Louai Emad El-Din al-Munajjid shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
25.11.2024
Firas Hassan QADDOUR فيراس حسان قدور
Date of birth: 1962;
Place of birth: Damascus;
Nationality: Syrian;
Gender: male
Minister of Petroleum and Mineral Resources under the former al-Assad regime. Appointed in March 2023 and re-appointed in September 2024.
As a Government Minister, Firas Hassan Qaddour shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
25.11.2024
Ahmed Mohammad BUSTAJI أحمد بوسته جي
Place of birth: Idleb;
Nationality: Syrian;
Gender: male
Minister of State under the former al-Assad regime. Appointed in March 2023 and re-appointed in September 2024.
As a Government Minister, Ahmed Mohammad Bustaji shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.
25.11.2024’;
(ii)
in Section ‘B. Entities’, the following 22 entries are deleted:
Real Estate Bank;
Syriatel;
Cham Press TV;
Al Watan;
Syria Trading Oil Company (Sytrol);
General Petroleum Corporation (GPC);
Al Furat Petroleum Company;
Syrian Lebanese Commercial Bank;
Deir ez-Zur Petroleum Company;
Ebla Petroleum Company;
Dijla Petroleum Company;
Syrian Petroleum Company;
Mahrukat Company;
General Organisation of Tobacco;
General Organisation of Radio and TV;
Syrian Company for Oil Transport;
Cotton Marketing Organisation;
Overseas Petroleum Trading;
The Baniyas Refinery Company;
The Homs Refinery Company;
Pangates International Corp Ltd;
Al-Aqila Company.
(iii)
in Section ‘B. Entities’, the following 50 entries are replaced by the following:
Name
Identifying information
Reasons
Date of listing
‘1.
Bena Properties
Cham Holding Building, Daraa Highway, Ashrafiyat Sahnaya Rif Dimashq, Syria, P.O. Box 9525
Held by Rami Makhlouf. Syria’s largest real estate company and the real estate and investment arm of Cham Holding; provides funding to the former al-Assad regime.
23.6.2011
Al Mashreq Investment Fund (AMIF)
(a.k.a. Sunduq Al Mashrek Al Istithmari)
P.O. Box 108, Damascus, Syria;
Tel: +963 112110059 / 963 112110043;
Fax: +963 933333149
Held by Rami Makhlouf; provides funding to the former al-Assad regime.
23.6.2011
Hamcho International
(a.k.a. Hamsho International Group)
Baghdad Street, P.O. Box 8254, Damascus, Syria;
Tel: +963 112316675;
Fax: +963 112318875;
Website: www.hamshointl.com;
E-mail: info@hamshointl.com and hamshogroup@yahoo.com
Hamcho International is a large Syrian holding company owned by Mohammed Hamcho.
Hamcho International benefits from and provides support to the former al-Assad regime and is associated with a person benefiting from and supporting the former al-Assad regime.
27.1.2015
Military Housing Establishment
(a.k.a. MILIHOUSE)
Public works company controlled by Riyad Shalish and Ministry of Defence; provides funding to the former al-Assad regime.
23.6.2011
Political Security Directorate
Syrian government agency directly involved in repression under the former al-Assad regime.
23.8.2011
General Intelligence Directorate
Syrian government agency directly involved in repression under the former al-Assad regime.
23.8.2011
Military Intelligence Directorate
Syrian government agency directly involved in repression under the former al-Assad regime.
23.8.2011
Air Force Intelligence Agency
Syrian government agency directly involved in repression under the former al-Assad regime.
23.8.2011
IRGC Qods Force
(a.k.a. Quds Force)
Teheran, Iran
The Qods (or Quds) Force is a specialist arm of the Iranian Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC). The Qods Force is involved in providing equipment and support to help the former al-Assad regime suppress protests in Syria. The Qods Force has provided technical assistance, equipment and support to the Syrian security services to repress civilian protest movements.
23.8.2011
Mada Transport
Subsidiary of Cham Holding (Sehanya Dara’a Highway, P.O. Box 9525);
Tel: +963 11 99 62
Economic entity financing the former al-Assad regime.
2.9.2011
Cham Investment Group
Subsidiary of Cham Holding (Sehanya Dara’a Highway, P.O. Box 9525);
Tel: +963 11 99 62
Economic entity financing the former al-Assad regime.
2.9.2011
Addounia TV
(a.k.a. Dounia TV)
Tel: +963 11 5667274; +963 11 5667271;
Fax: +963 11 5667272;
Website: http://www.addounia.tv;
Relatives/business associates/entities or partners/links: SAMA TV (sister company); website: www.sama-tv.net
Addounia TV has incited violence against the civilian population in Syria under the former al-Assad regime.
23.9.2011
Cham Holding
Cham Holding Building - Daraa Highway – Ashrafiyat Sahnaya Rif Dimashq – Syria
PO Box 9525;
Tel: +963 11 9962; +963 11 668 14000; +963 11 673 1044;
Fax: +963 11 673 1274;
Email: info@chamholding.sy;
Website: www.chamholding.sy
Controlled by Rami Makhlouf; second-largest holding company in Syria, benefiting from and supporting the former al-Assad regime.
23.9.2011
El-Tel. Co. (El-Tel. Middle East Company)
(a.k.a. Abraj Tech)
Dair Ali Jordan Highway, P.O. Box 13052, Damascus, Syria;
Tel: +963 11 2212345;
Fax: +963 11 44694450;
Email: sales@eltelme.com;
Company owner: Maher Dsouki;
Websites: www.eltelme.com, www.abrajtec.com
Manufacturing and supplying communication and transmission towers and other equipment for the Syrian army under the former al-Assad regime.
23.9.2011
Ramak Constructions Co.
Dara’a Highway, Damascus, Syria;
Tel: +963 11 6858111;
Mobile: +963 933 240231
Construction of military barracks, border post barracks and other buildings for army needs under the former al-Assad regime.
23.9.2011
Centre d’études et de recherches syrien (CERS)
(a.k.a. Centre d’Etude et de Recherche Scientifique (CERS); Scientific Studies and Research Centre (SSRC); Centre de Recherche de Kaboun)
Barzeh Street, P.O. Box 4470, Damascus, Syria
Provides support to the Syrian army under the former al-Assad regime for the acquisition of equipment used for the surveillance and repression of demonstrators under the former al-Assad regime.
Operating in the chemical weapons proliferation sector, it is the government entity responsible for developing and producing non-conventional weapons, including chemical weapons, and the missiles to deliver them.
1.12.2011
Ministry of Defence
Umayyad Square, Damascus, Syria
Tel: +963 11 7770700
Syrian government branch directly involved in repression under the former al-Assad regime.
26.6.2012
Ministry of Interior
Merjeh Square, Damascus, Syria
Tel: +963 11 2219400; +963 11 2219401; +963 11 2220220; +963 11 2210404
Syrian government branch directly involved in repression under the former al-Assad regime.
26.6.2012
Syrian National Security Bureau
Syrian government branch and element of the Syrian Ba’ath Party. Directly involved in repression under the former al-Assad regime. It directed Syrian security forces to use extreme force against demonstrators.
26.6.2012
Drex Technologies S.A.
Incorporation date: 4.7.2000;
Incorporation number: 394678;
Director: Rami Makhlouf;
Registered agent: Mossack Fonseca & Co (BVI) Ltd
Drex Technologies is wholly owned by Rami Makhlouf, who is listed under Union sanctions for providing financial support to the former al-Assad regime. Rami Makhlouf uses Drex Technologies to facilitate and manage his international financial holdings, including a majority share in SyriaTel, which the Union has previously listed on the grounds that it also provides financial support to the former al-Assad regime.
24.7.2012
Megatrade
Aleppo Street, P.O. Box 5966, Damascus, Syria;
Fax: +963 11 4471081
Acts as a proxy for the Scientific Studies and Research Centre (SSRC), which is listed. Involved in trade in dual use goods prohibited by Union sanctions for the former al-Assad government.
16.10.2012
Expert Partners
Rukn Addin, Saladin Street, Building 5, P.O. Box 7006, Damascus, Syria
Acts as a proxy for the Scientific Studies and Research Centre (SSRC), which is listed. Involved in trade in dual use goods prohibited by Union sanctions for the former al-Assad government.
16.10.2012
Army Supply Bureau
P.O. Box 3361, Damascus, Syria
Involved in the procurement of military equipment for the former al-Assad regime, and therefore responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population in Syria. Branch of the Syrian Ministry of Defence.
23.7.2014
Industrial Establishment of Defence
(a.k.a. Industrial Establishment of Defense (IED); Industrial Establishment for Defence; Defence Factories Establishment; Establissements Industriels de la Defense (EID); Establissement Industrial de la Defence (ETINDE), Coefficient Defense Foundation)
Al Thawraa Street, P.O. Box 2330 Damascus, Syria
Or
Al-Hameh, Damascus Countryside, P.O. Box 2230, Syria
Involved in the procurement of military equipment for the former al-Assad regime, and therefore responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population in Syria. Branch of the Syrian Ministry of Defence.
23.7.2014
Higher Institute for Applied Sciences and Technology (HIAST) (
)
(a.k.a. Institut Supérieur des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ISSAT))
P.O. Box 31983, Barzeh, Syria
Affiliated to and a subsidiary of the Syrian Scientific Studies and Research Centre (SSRC) which is already designated by the Council. It provides training and support to the SSRC and is therefore responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population under the former al-Assad regime.
23.7.2014
National Standards & Calibration Laboratory (NSCL)
P.O. Box 4470, Damascus, Syria
Affiliated to and a subsidiary of the Syrian Scientific Studies and Research Centre (SSRC) which is already designated by the Council. It provides training and support to the SSRC and is therefore responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population under the former al-Assad regime.
23.7.2014
Organisation for Technological Industries (OTI)
(a.k.a. Technical Industries Corporation (TIC))
P.O. Box 11037, Damascus, Syria
Subsidiary of the Syrian Ministry of Defence, which has been designated by the Council.
OTI is involved in the production of chemical weapons for the former al-Assad regime.
It is therefore responsible for the violent repression of the Syrian population.
As a subsidiary of the Ministry of Defence, it is also associated with a designated entity.
7.3.2015
Hamsho Trading
(a.k.a. Hamsho Group; Hmisho Trading Group; Hmisho Economic Group)
Hamsho Building, 31 Baghdad Street, Damascus, Syria
Hamsho group, Damascus countryside – northern road-ring, Hamsho for trading and constructions;
Email: info@hamsho-group.com;
Tel: 00963 (11) 3227530
Subsidiary of Hamsho International, which has been designated by the Council.
As such, Hamsho Trading is associated with a designated entity, Hamsho International.
Supports the former al-Assad regime through its subsidiaries, including Syria Steel. Through its subsidiaries it is associated with groups such as the former al-Assad-regime affiliated Shabiha militias.
7.3.2015
Rawafed Damascus Private Joint Stock Company
(a.k.a. Rawafed/Rawafid/Rawafed (Tributary)
Damascus Private Joint Stock Company)
Damascus, Syria
A USD 48,3 million joint venture between Damascus Cham Holding, Ramak Development and Humanitarian Projects, Al-Ammar LLC, Timeet Trading LLC (a.k.a. Ultimate Trading Co. Ltd.) and Wings Private JSC. Rawafed supports and/or benefits from the former al-Assad regime, including through its participation in the luxury development Marota City.
21.1.2019
Aman Damascus Joint Stock Company
(a.k.a. Aman Damascus JSC)
Damascus, Syria
A USD 18,9 million joint venture between Damascus Cham Holding and Aman Group. Through its participation in the former al-Assad regime-backed luxury development Marota City, Aman Damascus supports and/or benefits from the former al-Assad regime.
21.1.2019
Bunyan Damascus Private Joint Stock Company
(a.k.a. Bunyan Damascus Private JSC)
Damascus, Syria
A USD 34,8 million joint venture between Damascus Cham Holding and Apex Development and Projects LLC and Tamayoz LLC. Through its participation in the former al-Assad regime-backed luxury development Marota City, Bunyan Damascus Private Joint Stock Company supports and/or benefits from the former al-Assad regime.
21.1.2019
Mirza
Damascus, Syria
A USD 52,7 million joint venture between Damascus Cham Holding and Talas Group. Through its participation in the luxury development Marota City backed by the former al-Assad regime, Mirza supports and/or benefits from the former al-Assad regime.
21.1.2019
Al Qatarji Company
(a.k.a. Qatarji International Group; Al-Sham and Al-Darwish Company; Qatirji/Khatirji/Katarji/Katerji Group)
(مجموعة/شركة قاطرجي)
Type of entity: private company;
Business sector: import/export; trucking; supply of oil and commodities;
Name of Director/Management: Hussam Al Qatarji, CEO (designated by the Council);
Ultimate beneficial owner: Hussam Al Qatarji (designated by the Council);
Registered address: Mazzah, Damascus, Syria;
Relatives/business associates/entities or partners/links: Arvada/Arfada Petroleum Company JSC
Prominent company operating across multiple sectors of the Syrian economy. By facilitating fuel, arms and ammunition trade between the former al-Assad regime and various actors including ISIL (Da’esh) under the pretext of importing and exporting food items, supporting militias fighting alongside the former al-Assad regime and taking advantage of its ties with the former al-Assad regime to expand its commercial activity, Al Qatarji Company – whose board is headed by designated person Hussam Al Qatarji, a member of the Syrian People’s Assembly – supports and benefits from the former al-Assad regime.
17.2.2020
Damascus Cham Holding Company
(a.k.a. Damascus Cham Private Joint Stock Company
(القابضة الشام دمشق)
Type of entity: public-owned company under private law;
Business sector: real estate development;
Name of Director/Management: Adel Anwar al-Olabi, Chairman of the Board of Directors and Governor of Damascus (designated by the Council);
Ultimate beneficial owner: Governorate of Damascus;
Relatives/business associates/entities or partners/links: Rami Makhlouf (designated by the Council); Samer Foz (designated by the Council); Mazen Tarazi (designated by the Council); Talas Group, owned by businessman Anas Talas (designated by the Council); Khaled al-Zubaidi (designated by the Council).
Damascus Cham Holding Company was established by the former al-Assad regime as the investment arm of the Governorate of Damascus in order to manage the properties of the Governorate of Damascus and implement the Marota City project, a luxurious real estate project based on expropriated land under Decree No 66 and Law No 10 in particular.
By managing the implementation of Marota City, Damascus Cham Holding (whose Chairman is the Governor of Damascus) supports and benefits from the former al-Assad regime and provides benefits to businesspeople with close ties to the former al-Assad regime who have struck lucrative deals with this entity through public-private partnerships.
17.2.2020
Velada LLC
OOO Велада
Address: Ochakovskoye Shosse, Dom 28, Building 2, Local 3, Room 8, Moscow, 119530, Russian Federation;
Date of creation: 29.6. 2015
Velada LLC is a private company that is involved in the oil and gas sector in Syria.
In December 2019, the Syrian parliament approved a contract granting Velada LLC the right to develop oil and gas in Syria, including in oilfields in the regime-controlled areas in Northeast Syria and a gas field north of Damascus. Thus, it benefits from or supports the former al-Assad regime.
13.12.2021
Mercury LLC
OOO Меркурий
Address: Leninsky Prospekt, Dom 137, Building 1, Local 2, Room 5, Moscow, Russian Federation
Mercury LLC is a private company involved in the oil and gas sector in Syria.
In December 2019, the Syrian parliament approved a contract granting Mercury LLC the right to develop oil and gas in Syria, including in oilfields in the regime-controlled areas in Northeast Syria and a gas field in the north of Damascus. Thus, it benefits from or supports the former al-Assad regime.
13.12.2021
Evro Polis LLC
OOO Евро Полис
Address: Ulitsa Bratev, Gozozankinykh, Dom 2B, Pomeshchenie 3.1., Krasnogorsk, 143409, Russian Federation;
Relatives/Associates: General Petroleum Corp.
Evro Polis LLC is a private company linked to the Wagner Group in Syria, involved in the mining, oil and gas sectors in Syria.
Evro Polis LLC is used as a front for the Wagner Group in Syria. It has signed a number of contracts with the former al-Assad regime, through the state-owned General Petroleum Corp., under which it receives 25 % of the proceeds from the production of oil and gas in fields captured by the Wagner Group. Thus, it benefits from or supports the former al-Assad regime.
13.12.2021
Sanad Protection and Security Services
(شركة سند للحرسات والخدمات الأمنية)
Type of entity: Limited Liability Company
Date of creation: 22 October 2017
Headquarters: Damascus
Sanad Protection and Security Services is a Syrian private security company, established in 2017 and supervised by the Wagner Group in Syria, active in the protection of Russian interests (phosphates, gas and securing oil sites) in Syria. The exploitation of natural resources provides revenues to the former al-Assad regime. In addition, the company is active in the recruitment of Syrian mercenaries to Libya and Ukraine. As such, the company supports the former al-Assad regime and benefits from it.
21.7.2022
Fourth Armoured Division of the Syrian Army
الفرقة الرابع
Place of registration: Damascus;
Principal place of business: Syrian regime territory in Syria;
Associated individuals: Maher al-Assad, Ghassan Belal
The Fourth Armoured Division is one of the most prominent military units of the Syrian army during the former al-Assad regime led by Maher al-Assad and commanded by Ghassan Bilal.
The Fourth Armoured Division is responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population.
The Fourth Armoured Division also profits form the war economy, especially the trafficking in Captagon. Captagon trade has become a business model led by the former al-Assad regime, enriching the inner circle of the former al-Assad regime and forming its lifeline. Therefore, the Fourth Armoured Division benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime.
24.4.2023
Neptunus LLC/Neptune LLC company
شركة نبتونوس المحدودة المسؤولية
نبتونس أوفرسيز المحدودة
Place of registration: Lattakia, Syria;
Date of registration: 2017
Neptunus LLC is involved in drug operations in the port of Latakia. Neptunus LLC therefore benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime.
Neptunus LLC was co-founded by Taher Al-Kayali.
24.4.2023
Areen foundation/مؤسسة العرين
Place of registration: Syria;
Date of registration: 1999;
Principal place of business: Syria;
Associated individuals: Asma al-Assad (wife of Bashar al-Assad and Director)
The al-Areen foundation poses as a charitable foundation, but is closely affiliated with former al-Assad regime-affiliated militias.
The al-Areen foundation is directed by the former President’s wife, Asma al-Assad.
The foundation is channelling aid in line with the policies and priorities of the former al-Assad regime, and therefore benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime.
24.4.2023
Stroytransgaz/Стройтрансгаз
Other information:
Stroytransgaz Group,
Stroytransgaz (STG) Logistic,
Stroytransgaz (STG) Engineering,
STG Engineering
Stroytransgaz is a Russian engineering and construction company operating in Syria, which amongst other things assumed control of Syria’s largest phosphate mines.
Stroytransgaz therefore benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime.
24.4.2023
Gecopham, the General Company for Phosphate and Mines
الشركة العامة للفوسفات و المناجم
Address: Palmyra Road, Homs, Syrian Arabic Republic;
Phone: 00963312751122;
Email: info@gecopham.sy;
General Manager: Younes Ramadan
Gecopham is controlled by the Syrian Ministry of Petroleum and Mineral Resources and provides financial support to the former al-Assad regime. It therefore supports the former al-Assad regime.
24.4.2023
Al-Jabal Security and Protection LLC
شركة الجبل لخدمات الحماية والحراسة
Address: F6XR+495, Malek Bin Rabeaa, Damascus, Syria;
Type of entity: Limited Liability Company;
Place of registration: Damascus;
Date of registration: 19.10.2017;
Principal place of business: Damascus, Syria;
Associated individuals: Osama Mohammad al-Maliki
Al-Jabal Security and Protection LLC is owned and managed by Osama al-Maliki.
Al-Jabal Security and Protection LLC acts as a shell company to allow for the continuation of activities of the Saraya al-Areen 313 militia, a regime-affiliated militia. Al-Jabal Security and Protection LLC therefore benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime.
24.4.2023
Castle for Security and Protection LLC
شركة القلعة للحماية والحراسة والخدمات الأمني
a.k.a. Castle Security and Protection LLC, Citadel for Security and Protection
Address: Saraya Roundabout, Western Villas, Mazze, Damascus, Syria;
Type of entity: Limited Liability Company;
Place of registration: Damascus, Syria;
Date of registration: 18.10.2017;
Principal place of business: Damascus, Syria;
Other information: Sector: Militia turned Security Company;
Phone Number: +963116119331; +963943800808
Castle for Security and Protection LLC is a private company, which acts as a shell company for the Fourth Division of the Syrian Arab Army, which is led by Maher al-Assad.
Castle for Security is involved also in the trafficking of narcotics. The Captagon trade has become a business model led by the former al-Assad regime, enriching the inner circle of the former al-Assad regime and forming its lifeline. It therefore benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime.
24.4.2023
Aman for Protection and Security LLC
شركة أمان للحماية والحراسة الأمنية
Address: Damascus Countryside;
Type of entity: Limited Liability Company;
Place of registration: Damascus Countryside;
Date of registration: 10.10.2018;
Registration number: 2906;
Principal place of business: Damascus Countryside, Syria;
Associated individuals: Muhammad Abdo Assad
Aman for Protection and Security LLC is a private security company, which acts as a shell company for the Hosn al-Watan milita, founded by Muhammad Abdo Assaad. It therefore benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime.
24.4.2023
Al-Dj Group
(a.k.a. ALDJ)
Place of registration: Damascus, Syria;
Principal place of business: Syria
Al-Dj Group is a Syrian business entity, owned and managed by Mahmoud al-Dj. As a holding company it owns and operates the Freebird Travel Agency, an agent for Cham Wings Airlines, which is conducting frequent flights between Syria and Libya, smuggling mercenaries, and narcotics. Al-Dj Group is further associated with Al-Tair Company, which is also owned by Mahmoud al-Dj.
Through this scheme of business relations, in which Al-Dj Group plays a central role, cargo shipping and flights are used for illicit transactions between regime-affiliated persons and entities in Syria and Eastern Libya, including narcotics.
Al-Dj Group’s activities benefit the former al-Assad regime and support it in accessing illicit revenues.
22.1.2024
Cham Wings
Place of registration: Damascus, Syria;
Principal place of business: Damascus, Syria
Cham Wings Airlines is a Syrian business entity which is owned by Muhammad Issam Shammout.
Also, Cham Wings uses its flights to engage in the transfer of Syrian mercenaries, arms trade, narcotics trafficking, and money laundering, which supports the activities of the former al-Assad regime. As the only private airline in Syria, Cham Wings is therefore benefiting from, and providing support to the former al-Assad regime.
22.1.2024
Freebird Travel Agency
Place of registration: Syria, Dubai;
Principal place of business: Damascus, Syria
The Freebird Travel Agency is a Syrian business entity owned and operated by Al-Dj Group, which in turn is owned and managed by Mahmoud al-Dj.
Freebird serves as principal agent for Cham Wings Airlines, and thereby benefits from and provides support to the former al-Assad regime.
22.1.2024
Iloma Investment Private JSC
(a.k.a. Eloma)
Place of registration: Damascus, Syria;
Date of registration: 2023;
Principal place of business: Damascus, Syria
Iloma Investment Private JSC has been established at the beginning of 2023 to take over almost half of the ownership of Damascus airport.
Iloma is a front for the Assad family and part of the former al-Assad regime’s efforts to personally gain from manipulation of the economy. Therefore, Iloma is supporting and benefiting from the former al-Assad regime.
22.1.2024’.
ISSN 1977-0677 (electronic edition)
Metadata
- Type
- Forordning
- År
- 2025
- Ikrafttrædelsesdato
- 1. januar 1970